Abbott, David Phelps (1836-1934) Magician and magic inventor who devised such effects as the Floating Ball, the Talking Teakettle and Spirit Paintings. He did not give public performances, but instead invited guests into his parlor, where he amazed them with his own original magic. He wrote Behind the Scenes With the Mediums (1907), considered to be one of the best exposures of the methods used by fraudulent psychics, and The Marvelous Creations of Josefy (1908). He also wrote The David P. Abbott Book of Mysteries, published posthumously by Walter Graham in 1977.
	Criss Angel was born Christopher Nicholas Sarantakos on December 19, 1967. He grew up in a close-knit Greek-American family in East Meadow, New York. He first became interested in magic at age 6 when his Aunt Stella did a card trick for him. When he was 12, he performed his first paid show for $15. By age 19 he was earning a lucrative $3000 a week performing at children's parties and nightclubs. Like David Blaine, Criss Angel has broken away from the stereotype of the traditional magician with tailcoats and a scantily dressed assistant. Even so, his image and magic is still uniquely different from David Blaine's. At first glance, he looks more like a rock musician than a magician. Indeed, his vision is to combine magic, music and big illusions in a spectacular way.
	Abbott, Percy (1886-1960) Australian-born magician who emigrated to the USA. Having owned several magic supply companies in Australia in the early 1900's, he co-founded and operated the Blackstone Magic Company in Colon, MI with Harry Blackstone Sr. from 1929-31. In 1933, he opened Abbott's Magic Manufacturing Company with partner Recil Bordner. He was also publisher of TOPS magazine and creator of the annual Abbott's Get-Together Magic Convention. Wrote: Comedy Magic You'll find many of his silk magic inventuions described in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic, and his rope effects in the Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks.
	Adair, Ian ( 1943 - ) British-born magician, author and specialist in dove magic. General Manager of Supreme Magic until its closing several years ago. Inventor of over 3,000 effects; author of more than 150 magic books, including the Encyclopedia of Dove Magic.
	Adams, S.S. (1879- 1933) Danish-born, Soren Sorenson Adams, founded Adams Magic Manufacturing (1906), which today still produces a large variety of inexpensive and easy to perform pocket magic tricks. Sam Adams, as he came to be known, invented over 650 joke shop items, including Sneeze Powder, the Dribble Glass, the Snake Can and the Joy Buzzer.
No Picture available anybody have one??	Alan, Alan (? - ?) British-born as Alan Rabinowitz, he was a magician and escape artist as well as magic dealer. He invented the Burning Rope escape effect and the Decimated Coin Trick.
	Alan, Don (1926 -1999 ) Born Don Alan Mcwethy. Many magicians refer to him as the "father of modern close-up magic." He did not invent the form, but popularized it through his many TV presentations. Alan had his own television show, “Don Alan's Magic Ranch”, which aired from 1961 to 1962. It lasted thirteen episodes and had guest appearances by many of the professional magicians of the time. Figures such as Al Flosso, Richard Himber, Neil Foster, Karrell Fox, Jay Marshall, Jack Gwynne, Johnny Platt, Clarke Crandall, George and Betty Johnstone, Jimmy Reneaux, Sam Berman, Chan and Ralph Pierce, and Vic Torsbergall appeared on his show. Don took an invention of Chop Chop (Al Wheatley) called the Chop Cup, cut it down in size, and that version is now known as the Don Alan Chop Cup. He performed it on the Ed Sullivan show and suddenly magicians everywhere wanted the cut-down Don Alan version of the Chop Cut. Wrote: Pretty Sneaky (1956), Don Alan's Professional Presentation of the Chop Cup ,Close-Up Time Media: Don Alan DVD (Volume 28 - Greater Magic Series), Magic Ranch Video Tapes (13 episodes from 1961)
	Albenice, John (1913-1957) American club magician and author who specialized in magic with reels. He invented the Serpent Silk, and in 1941, wrote "Reel Magic." Created Rising Card Houlette on Ribbon. You'll find many of his silk magic inventuions described in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Aldini (1917-1989) American magician (real name Alex Weiner) and author. Managed and owned magic shops from the late 1950's into the 1970's. Wrote Rough Stuff, Roughingly Yours. He invented the Aldini Bowl Production variation on the Westgate Bowl Production, Clock-A-Rama, Acroback Cards, Color-Shift and more. He was a member of the Order of Merlin and I.B.M. Rings 138 (Santa Monica) and 21 (Hollywood).
	Allen, Ken (?-?) American performer, magic dealer and inventor of Jumping Gems, Monkey-Bar, Robot Coins, Solid Brass Locket Release, Chinatown Quarter effects as well as the Soo-Zee fanning powder application tool.
	Allen, Lyman (?-?) American magic dealer. Inventor of Blok-Cord, The Novelty Box Selection (Jinx, 1936 summer)
	Amac, Bill (1890-1961) A British magician who invented the Find the Lady illusion. His real name was Robert William Macfarland. Amac began to perform around 1916 in English theatres with standard feats. In 1921, he presented an original illusion "Elusive Lady" With this illusion, Amac toured in America for five years in Vaudeville theatres, and in 1929 made a European tour.
	Anderson, Gene (1941 - ) American magician best known for his version of the Cut and Restored Newspaper, and as an author of Newspaper Magic. He is a past board member of the International Brotherhood of Magicians, and one of only six performers honored as lifetime members of the Magic Circle of Norway.
	Andrus, Jerry (1920 - ) American magic inventor and author, most known for his Linking Pins, Zone Zero and The Miracle of the Yellow Ball, and many optical illusions. Author of Andrus Card Control. Media: Jerry Andrus' A Lifetime of Magic (3 volume DVD set) Video Link 1 Video Link 2
	Andruzzi, Tony (born Antonio C. Andruzzi 1925 - 1991) From the 1950s to the early 1970s Andruzzi's performances were mostly comedy illusions. He adopted the name Tom Palmer and had his legal name changed to Thomas S. Palmer. In 1970 he reclaimed Antonio C. Andruzzi as an alternative legal name. He started performing in a style known as bizarre magic. He also performed under the aliases Tony Andruzzi, Masklyn ye Mage, and Daemon Ecks. He was editor of the bizarre magic magazine New Invocation from 1981 to 1991.
	Annemann, Ted (1907-1942) Born Theodore John Squires, adopted by Stanley Anneman, Ted added the second 'n' in 1930. Inspired at age 10 watching schoolmate do the Ball & Vase.Debut c1925 at age c18 with the Doc Kries medicine show. Invented "Window Envelope" by 1931 and "Flat Rabbit" in 1937. Pet publicity stunt: "Bullet Catching". Voted one of the 10 Card Stars in 1938, although he was uncomfortable with sleights. Voted into the New York 'Inner Circle' by 1940. Founded-edited The Jinx 1934-41 and The Sign of Exceptional Magic 1935-35 . Best known for his contributions to the art of mentalism, he was an extraordinary card magician as well. Annemann was an extremely talented performer, but a very troubled person. Annemann was preparing an exhibition of the Bullet Catch when life became too much for him, and he committed suicide. Video Clip: http://tinyurl.com/q5o33
	Auzinger, Max (1839-1928) German magician, born in Bavaria, who performed as Ben Ali Bey, and developed the Black Art act.. For seven years he was an actor in one of the Berlin theatres and as he could hardly support his family on his small salary, he looked around for something else, and seized upon the original idea of Oriental Magic. His Black Art invention was first shown in Berlin, in Castan's Panopticum where it received very little notice. Shortly afterwards the attention of Arbre was called to it, who visited the performances several times. He saw a chance of improving it and engaged Ben Ali Bey to tour with him. The first part of their performances was parlor magic. In the second part Ben Ali Bey introduced Black Art and in this representation he made his reputation. "Ben Ali Bey's experiments were all entirely his own invention. An especially miraculous and amusing effect was produced by "The Magnetized Drawing"; in this, a skeleton drawn on a blackboard began to dance to music, and even when half of it was erased, the remaining half danced merrily on. Then there was "The Creation of Woman by the Gods of the Orient," in which a caterpillar drawn on a sheet of paper comes to life, and turns before the eyes of the audience into a cocoon from which finally a young lady appears, dressed as a tropical butterfly. An entrancing effect was "The Soap-Bubbles." Ben Ali Bey seemed to blow four gloriously-colored soap-bubbles of different sizes, which he caused by means of a fan to float hither and yon over the stage. As a conclusion, the bubbles formed themselves into a pyramid, putting a beautiful end to the effect.". - Ottokar Fischer from Illustrated Magic (1943)
	Baker,Al (1874-1951) Legendary magician and magical inventor. He began his career in a medicine show, then later became renowned for his clever routines and ingenious magic ideas, especially in the area of mentalism. Inventor of the Al Baker Slates. Many of his silk magic effects are included in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Balducci, Edmund Mariano (1906-1988) New York City magician for whom the popular Balducci Self-Levitation principle is named, and inventor of the Balducci Wallet.
	Bamberg, David (1904-1974) a.k.a. Fu Manchu Seventh generation magician. Son of Theo (Okito) Bamberg. Born in Great Britain, raised in the U.S. Gained much of his experience touring with the Raymond show, doing a Shadowgraphy act. Later toured with his own show, as Fu Manchu, with most of his work in South America, particularly Argentina.
	Bamberg, David Leendert (1786-1869) Third generation magician. Son of Eliaser. Holland-born. Began his career as assistant to his father, but later had great success on his own. Most known for his Egg Bag routine, with the climax being the production of a live chicken from the bag. He inherited from his father (Eliaser or Eliazar Bamberg) the vaulting figure automata made by Opre, with whom David was well acquainted, according to Houdini in his 1908 book "The Unmasking of Robert-Houdin." Credit: Photo from Houdini's 1908 The Unmasking of Robert-Houdin, and sent to us by Mark Damon.
	Bamberg, David Tobias (1843-1914) Fifth generation magician. Son of Tobias. Holland-born. Like his father and grandfather, became court magician to Holland's Royal Family.
	Bamberg, Eliaser (or Eliazar) (1760-1833) Second generation magician. Son of Jasper. Holland-born. His unfortunate loss of a leg during wartime turned into an advantage after he had his false leg specially fitted with secret compartments. He presented a vaulting figure automata constructed by a master magic technician of the era known only as Opre (died 1846).
	Bamberg, Jasper (? - ?) The original Bamberg. Holland-born. Like many of his contemporaries, he not only performed sleight-of-hand magic but occult magic as well.
	Bamberg, Theo (1875-1963) Sixth generation magician. Son of David Tobias. Holland-born. Became famous as Okito, performing a silent act as an Oriental magician to compensate for the fact that he was deaf. Also originated a number of magic effects, including the Okito Coin Box.
	Bamberg, Tobias (1812-1870) Fourth generation magician. Son of David Leendert. Holland-born. As was his father, he was court magician to Holland's Royal Family. His fluency in four languages made him very successful.
	Barlow (Frederick) birth in 1903 to 1971,  His career as a conjuror started at the age of 14 when he performed as Fred Carlo the Young Society Conjuror up until his retirement at the age of 80. His conjuring appears to have been a secondary occupation as he claimed to have worked in over 40 other occupations He was never-the-less very active, and for a year worked with Robert Harbin as the double act Fred and Ned. Harbin was still using his real name Ned Collins at the time..
	Bennett, Doug (? - ?) American magic inventor of effects like Criss Cross Cards and BewildeRing; author.
	Berg, Joe (1902-1984) At the age of 12, Joe Bergman arrived in Chicago with his family from Pinsk, Russia. He learned magic from famed magician Johnny Platt, and later became a semi-professional dealer in Chicago as Joe Berg. Partnering with Sam Berland and Harry Faber, he spent 26 years at the Princess Magic Shop in Chicago. Berg then moved to Los Angeles and opened a shop of his own on Hollywood Boulevard. Magician to the end, he was on his way to the Magic Castle in Hollywood when he suffered a stroke, dying five days later. He was the inventor of several popular effects, including the Ultra Mental Deck (1937) , Patriotic Release, Ever-ready Lit Cigarette Production, Super Wallet , Giant Sucker Sliding Card Frame, Berg's Ambitious Nickle, and the Atomic Deck (1955). Many of silk magic his effects are included in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic. Wrote: Berg's Private Card Problems (1933), Here's New Magic, Magic For Everyone (1983), The Berg Book
	Bergeron, Bev (?-?) Famous for his appearances as Rebo the Clown on the CBS-TV show "Mark Wilson's Land of Allakazam" and for his many years of performances at Walt Disney'sTM Diamond Horseshow Review at Walt Disney WorldTM in Florida, Bev Bergeron is also a magic inventor of hundreds of props and illusions in use by magicians today. Invented: Multiplying Magic Wands, the One Balloon Dog (1959), Utility Hat, Silk Gun Wrote: Williard the Wizard (Bev toured with Williard in 1948), Rebo Nose Clowning, Entertaining Children with Magic, Ken Brooke's Magic-The Unique Years (1980), Tony Marks - Aristocrat of Deception (2000) Informative Web site: http://bevbergeron.com/ Media: The Magic of Bev Bergeron - DVD, and Bev Bergeron: Comedy & Clowning - DVD, Bergeron, Bev: Masters Of Excellence # 3 (VHS), REBO: Nose Clowning - DVD, BEV BERGERON: On Tape! (DVD-VHS)
	Berland, Sam (1907-1987) Magic dealer and inventor of popular effects and routines, especially using thimbles and dice. Wrote: Amazing Tricks with Paper Cups (1942); Berlands Thimble Routine, Berland’s Tricks and Routines Invented: Sucker Cigarette Box Many of his silk magic effects are included in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Birch, McDonald (1902 -c1980s) Successful American stage magician. His greatest years were during the 30's and 40's, when most other stage magicians were struggling. One of his most popular effects was Princess the Vanishing Pony. In 1924, Howard Thurston made preliminary plans to make Birch the successor to the Kellar-Thurston "magic mantle"; Thurston, however, never got around to retiring, and Birch made a successful career of his own.
	Biro, Pete (1933- ) Born in Oakland, California, Pete's early mentors were Lloyd E. Jones and Emile Clifton. Awards: First prize stage performer SAM, National Convention and Grand Prix Winner, PCAM Convention 1968. Invented Sneaky Pete's Pivoting Shell, Poker Chip Surprise, Cap in any Bottle (with Joe Porper), Ghostly Linking Finger Rings (with Joe Porper), Cocktail Surprise (with Joe Porper), Billion Dollar Bill Switch, Rising Cards from Envelope (with Bill Severn). Wrote: Pete Biro Presents The Indian Cups & Balls; Thoughts, Ideas & Routines. Media: Himber Rings (DVD) with Karrel Fox, Ted Lesley, Billy McComb, Pete Biro and Jonathan Pendragon.
	Blackstone, Harry (1885-1965) Born Harry Bouton, he started as one half of a vaudeville comedy act with his brother, Pete Bouton. Along with his long stage career, he co-founded Blackstone's Magic Co. with Percy Abbott in 1929. He is credited with creating classic routines for the Dancing Handkerchief, the Vanishing Bird Cage, the Buzz Saw, and of course, the Floating Light Bulb. Many feel that he was the best example of what a magician should be. He was succeeded by his son, Harry Blackstone, Jr. Also invented: Glamour Garter, Baffling Bulbs Wrote: Blackstone's Tricks Anyone Can Do, Blackstone’s Magic: A Book of Mystery (1930)
	Blaney, Walter (1928 - ) American magician (Zaney Blaney) and inventor of the Blaney Ladder Levitation, made popular by David Copperfield, The Great Escape, Suspension 3001, and the clever Miracle Levitation Hoop. In 1998, Walter helped create the "World Alliance of Magicians" and served as its first international president. Website: http://www.walterblaney.com
	Blitz, Signor (1810-1877) Extremely successful 19th century English-born but America-based magician. Using the stage name of Signor Blitz, his real name was Antoni van Zandt. At the height of his career, at least 13 other magicians were performing under the name "Blitz" in an effort to capitalize on his popularity. Multi-talented, Blitz was an accomplished ventriloquist, juggler and bird handler as well as an entertaining magician. His favorite effect was the Bullet Catching act, though he stopped performing the feat after a number of malicious audience-induced accidents. He also performed for several years in the 1870's with a magic act involving more than 500 canaries. Author of Fifty Years in the Magic Circle (1871). His grave was recently "discovered" in New York by Benjilini, and has since been repaired and restored.
	Bobo, J.B. (1910-1996) Born in Texarkana, Texas. He was inspired by seeing Eugene Laurant on the Chatauqua circuit. Taught first tricks at age c14 by Ed Reno, Eugene Laurant, and a travelling salesman. Studied the Tarbell Course in 1927. Worked as a close-up and kid-show stage magician since c1928, having given nearly 14,000 shows throughout the USA, but mainly in Texas and the central states. 1978 AMA Literary Fellowship. Lectured throughout the States, mostly at school assemblies. Wrote: Modern Coin Magic (1952), Watch This One! (1947), The Bobo Magic Show (1984) He gives some of his magical performance advice in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Bongo, Ali (b.1929) Born William Wallace in India, this British comedy magician bills himself as Ali Bongo the Shriek of Araby. Author of several books on comedy magic, he is also an accomplished illustrator, drawing for a number of magic catalogs. Invented a variation of the Lu Brent Growing Hat, and other comedy magic effects. Wrote: The Bongo Book (1966)
	Booth, John (1912 - ?) John Nicholls Booth: pioneer travel film maker, 1930's night club star; author of 15 books, correspondent for major American newspapers, mountain climber on every continent, and noted Unitarian Reverend (1940). Wrote: The Fine Art of Hocus Pocus (1996), Conjurian's Discoveries, Psychic Paradoxes, Wonders of Magic, Keys To Magic's Inner World, Forging Ahead in Magic (1939), Marvels of Mystery (1941).
	Bosco, Bartolomeo (1793-1863) Successful European magician, born in Turin, Italy, most popular between 1830 and 1850. His most famous trick was the Cups and Balls. His apparatus was very simple indeed consisting only of tin cups and pasteboard boxes, some of which still exist. He was the first magician who made his experiments with simple apparatus, and declared them to be natural experiments. He was also known for appearing to exchange the heads of two live chickens, a black one and a white one. Robert-Houdin gained some unfair publicity for himself when in 1838 he publicly criticized Bosco for "animal cruelty" after seeing him perform a trick in which he appeared to exchange the heads of two live chickens, a black one for a white one. Robert-Houdin knew full well that the trick was an illusion, and was not harmful to the animals in any way. Bosco died in poverty on March 6, 1863, in Gruna near Dresden. In 1903, Houdini discovered Bosco's dilapidated grave. He purchased title to the plot, and deeded it to the Society of American Magicians, starting a tradition of fraternal grave guardianship that continues today, especially through the efforts of Benjilini. Bosco was so well-known that no less than five other magicians performed under that name after his death, in an attempt to capitalize on his fame.
	Bosco, Eugene (1823-1891) Son of Bartolomeo Bosco and a popular magician. Inventor of the Sand Frame. His career was cut short when he shot his right hand off in 1857. Like his father, he died in poverty. It is interesting to note that two other magicians using the "Bosco" name were victims of gun accidents.
	Boston, George (1905-1975) Magician best known for his work as stage manager for Blackstone ,Sr. , Carter, Thurston and Nicola. Inventor of the Boston Box (a variation of the Okito Coin Box). Taught magic to Tony Curtis for his role in the 1953 movie Houdini.
	Braue, Frederick (1906-1962) Born in California, USA. Newspaperman in Oakland. Semi-pro magician, specialized in card magic of which he was a master. Invented "Braue Addition", "Braue Reversal", "Rear Palm" (in 1935), "Homing Card" (1948), etc. Co-authored "Expert Card Technique" with Jean Hugard.
	Braun, John (? - ? ) Inventor of The Triple Tube Vanish. Literary Editor of the Linking Ring. Worked with J.B. Bobo in editing his Modern Coin Magic. Edited many other books, as well. Many of his silk magic effects are included in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Brooke, Ken (1920 - 1983) British magician and magic dealer but Ken Brooke wasn't just another magic dealer. When he sold someone an effect, many times it included his own instructions sheets, which reflected the real experiences of a performer who not only cared about how the tricks should be performed, but who also cared enough to provide information on the proper performance to those who bought his products. Even for those who do not do particular effects that were sold by Ken Brooke, reading these instructions sheets provided real lessons in magic. Invented a version of "Chase the Ace," Fido (a card trick), may have invented "Professor Cheer's Comedy Rope" (at least he was the first magician on record who performed the trick at Glasgow, Scotland). Wrote: It's Better Than Digging Roads which is a transcript from an audio tape Ken produced, published by Martin Breese in 1987 after Ken's death.
	Brooks, Herbert (1873-1923) British stage magician and inventor of the Brooks Trunk, an escape illusion. Brooks began performing as a magician/ escape artist in England, then in 1903 went to America where he performed in the Vaudeville Theatres of the larger cities. In 1913 he returned to England, where he celebrated great success with his "Herbert Brooks American Escape". By now he was using a steel trunk, from which he could escape with the same ease as the wooden trunk.
	Buckley,Arthur (1890-1953) Born in Sydney, Australia. Inspired at age 18 seeing Allan Shaw show in New Zealand. Learned from Down's Modern Coin Manipulation. Debut six months later (still 1908) as 'Young Dante, King of Koins'. Thence pro coin-cardman as 'Mysto' in Australia and New Zealand. Moved to USA in 1918. By 1925 also worked two-person mind-reading with partner-wife Helen. Invented the "Muscle Pass" (by 1948).

	Carlo, Dr. (?-?) American born magician and magic dealer (real name Carlo Sommer) who invented the rubber dove as well as Balls of Fire (production of fire from a paper sack) and the Carlo Glass Production, marketing these effects through his Ohio magic shop.
	Carlyle (1906-?) Real name Lyle Laughlin, he had a successful career performing his sophisticated brand of magic in U.S. theaters and clubs, retiring in 1955. He is credited with inventing Three-To-One Ropes, and authoring a number of effects published in magic magazines.
	Cassidy, Bob (1949- ) Lawyer. Semi-pro mentalist. Co-founder of Psychic Entertainers Association in 1978. Edited Vibrations 1978-81 & 1984. Inventor of several mental magic effects, and author of many books on mental magic. Trustee of Jim Gerrish's Wiz Kids, Inc., in 1982. Wrote: Bob Cassidy's Mentalism (e-book), The Art of Mentalism (1983), The Principia Mentalia (1994), and The Artful Mentalism of Bob Cassidy (2004). Media: Mental Miracles with Bob Cassidy DVD Informative Web site: http://mastermindreader.com/
	Chanin, Jack (1908-1997) Born in the Ukraine, fled to Poland, and finally immigrating to the USA in 1926, Jack began a career as a magician, inventor and magic dealer.He excelled in the art of sleeving, and ran Philadelphia's oldest magic studio (Chanin's Studio of Magic) until 1981, marketing hundreds of effects of his own invention. Invented: Mesh Egg Bag A favorite at magic conventions, he also performed an Oriental act as Cha-Nin. Works include: Enyclopedia of Sleeving, 1947; Hello, Sucker! 1934; Cigar Manipulation, 1937; Silks at Your Fngertips.
	Charlier (?-?) French amateur magician, a specialist in card magic who invented the Charlier Pass as well as a card-marking system using pin pricks. One of the more famous street magicians in the late 1800s.
	Chefalo (1885-1963) Italian-born stage magician (real name Ralfo Cefalo) credited with inventing the Chefalo Knot, and other rope magic effects as described in the Stewart James' Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks. Also invented: The Girl in the Drum Illusion.
	Chien, Han Ping (c1890 - c1930) Chinese stage magician who achieved his greatest success touring the United States and Europe in the first two decades of the 1900s. He is also credited with inventing the Han Ping Chien coin magic move.
	Chop Chop (1901-1964) Australian-born magician (real name Alvin H. Wheatley) who performed as an Oriental, first under under the name the Tung Pin Soo, later under the name Chop Chop.. Appeared many times on American TV, including an appearance on Ed Sullivan Show. Invented the Chop Cup (1954) Don Alan used a cut-down version of the Chop Cup on a national TV show and popularized it among magicians everywhere.
	Christ, Henry (1903-1972) American magician who invented the Christ Force, Colour-Changing Deck, Christ Half Pass, Fabulous Four Ace Routine, and Dead Man's Hand. Former advertising executive.
	Christian (?-?) Generally billed as "Magic Christian of Vienna", this Austrian magician's real name is Christian Stelzel. Multiple awards, including FISM First Place (Manipulation) in 1973, 1976 and 1979 plus First Place for Closeup Invention in 1979 as well. Austria has honored him for his research work on the history of magic as well as his talents as a magical entertainer and Goodwill Ambassador. Many appearances on television. Associated with Piatnik, manufacturer of trick decks. Author. Invented Ketten-Zauber and Color Changing Lighter.
	Christopher, Milbourne (1914-1984) Major American magical entertainer, author, inventor and collector. Performed a popular full-evening show for many years. Produced and performed in the first network TV magic special, "The Festival of Magic", broadcast on May 27, 1957 on NBC-TV (a show which also featured Cardini's last television appearance). He wrote a long-running column in Hugard's Magic Monthly under the pen name "Frank Joglar", derived from words meaning "candid magician". Invented: Telegram to Flowers and the original Forgetful Freddy He wrote a number of classic books on magic history, including Panorama of Magic, The Illustrated History of Magic, Milbourne Christopher's Magic Book (1977), and Houdini: The Untold Story.
	Clark, Keith (1908-1979) Born Pierre Feyss Cartier in France, he became famous as a cigarette manipulator. He was the author of Encyclopedia of Cigarette Magic(1937), Celebrated Cigarettes, Rope Royale (1942). Many of his magic inventions have something to do with ropes and silks and will be found in Stewart James' Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks and Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Collins, Stanley (1881-1966 ) Collins was born in London. Affected by the magic performances of Chung Ling Soo , in 1905 he began to perform as "Loo Sing." Collins invented many magic effects, largely based on mechanical and hydraulic principles. Credited with inventing the Jumping Rubber Bands in 1911. He wrote various books: Original Magical Creations (1915), Deceptive Conceptions in Magic (1920), Collin's Card Conceits (1925), A Conjuring Mélange. He also wrote numerous articles in The Sphinx, The Jinx, Hugard's Magic Monthly, Pentagram, and The Linking Ring.
	Collins, Ted (born Frederick A. Collins, 1919 - 1993) Magician, magic teacher, mentor, owner of Mecca Magic Shop in Bloomfield, NJ, Ted was also inventor of "The Panama Rope Trick" described in the Tarbell Course of Magic, as well as many packet card effects and improvements to existing effects. He was author of Wax Fax. Ted was one of the founding members of Ring 106 and was also President, 1953-1954.  He was a founding member of the Magic Dealer's Association and in 1966 Ted was President of the Magician's Alliance of Eastern States. Ted was also one of the first trustees of Jim Gerrish's Wiz Kids, Inc. from 1980-83.
	Corradin , Anton (1967 - ) Born Fabián Antonio Corradín in Sastre, Santa Fe, Argentina, he earned his degree in Veterinary Science in 1994, the same year he discovered a group of fellow magic enthusiasts in the city of Rosario.He then became a founding partner of the GRIM (Group of Magic Illusionists from Rosario), of which he is still a member. In 1999 he received the first prize in the Inventions category at the Argentinean Congress of Illusionism. In the year 2000 the Congress of the Latin American Federation of Magic Societies (FLASOMA) took place in Mexico DF, and in this event Antón received the second prize in the category Invention and the third prize in Scripted Magic. In the year 2001 he received a prize in the category Invention in the Argentinean Congress of Ilusionism (CADI). In the 2004 FLASOMA, Antón Corradín won the 1st Prize in the categories Invention and Perfection. In the 2005 CADI, Anton Corradín was awarded the 3rd prize in the Invention and Improvement category. Invented: Antoninus Pius's Box, Corradin Box, Mental Hammer, Money Bag, Ringing Card Case, Fish Kerchief, Prince Anton Racquet, Instant Dove Trick, Corradin;'s Levitation and many more. Informative Web site: http://www.antoncorradin.com
	Crandall, "Senator" Clark (1906-1975) American comedy magician, magic dealer, Magic Castle guru. He developed seriuously funny routines for the Card Duck and the Cups and Balls.
	Curry, Paul (1917-1986) Best known for inventing Out of This World card effect, and the Sliding Knot Curry was the vice-precident of the Blue Cross Insurance Company of New York, and a famous amateur magician. On March 12, 1977, the Academy of Magical Arts at The Magic Castle awarded Paul Curry with a "Creative Fellowship" award. He authored two books: Magician's Magic (2003) and Paul Curry's Worlds Beyond (2002).
	Culpitt, Fred (1877-1944) Born Frederick Willis Culpitt , in 1909 he was booked by Chung Ling Soo for an Australian tour. From 1914-1918 he filled in for David Devant in England's famous Home of Mystery, St.George's Hall. Culpitt was well-known during the next thirty years as "The Magical Comedian." He was inventor of the Costume Trunk Illusion and the Doll's House Illusion.
	Del Ray (1925-2003) Born Delbert Raymond Petrosky, Del Ray learned magic from a magic set, which he received at Christmas. When he joined the army at age 17, he met Harry Blackstone, Sr., and later went with Blackstone on tour as his assistant. After two and a half seasons, Del Ray resumed work in night clubs. By the beginning of the 1950's, he had begun work on the electronic magical act for which he was to become famous. Invented: Talking Canary, Master Card Rise, Butch - the mechanical bear, many more, most unpublished and known only by magician's memories of their performance. There is a review of a Del Ray performance written by Walter Zaney Blaney in Volume 29 of Genii Magazine (1964) Page 626.
	De Kolta, Buatier (1845 – 1903) Born Joseph Buatier, De Kolta was a French magician who successfully performed throughout the 1870s and 1880s in England and America. De Kolta was a contemporary of fellow French magician Jean Eugčne Robert-Houdin. Many of De Kolta's illusions, such as Multiplying Billiard Balls, the Expanding Die and the Vanishing Bird Cage, are still performed by magicians today. De Kolta is famous for his De Kolta Chair or Vanishing Lady illusion shown in the photo at the right.. Also invented: Ascent to Nowhere Illusion.
	De Muth, Frederick (1885-1961) De Muth began performing magic as an amateur in 1906. He began work at the Corning Glass Works in 1917, continuing there until 1955. In 1932, Fred de Muth presented an effect invented by Edward Massey, but manufactured by himself at the IBM Convention -"Glass Through Glass", described in John Northern Hilliard's Greater Magic (P.844). Later, Fred worked out a way to lock the glass in the frame and it was subsequently produced in plastic and sold by the millions as the "Penetration Frame." Other inventions, all employing his skills as a glass worker, included the Demuth Milk Bottle, Demuth Mirror Glass, Saltrix (1932), Milk Supreme, Milk Miracle, Utility Glass, Super Tumbler, and Master Tumbler. Beginning in the 1920's, de Muth was a regular contributer to the Sphinx Magic Magazine. Credit: Information provided by an article about De Muth written by Rev. Gordon W. Mattice of Corning, NY, and published in the December 1971 Linking Ring, sent to us, along with the photo on the left, by Mark Damon.
	Devant, David (1868-1941) Born in Highgate, London, England. Stage name since 1885 of David Wighton, son of Scottish landscape artist James Wighton. Learned around age 15 from a book. Debut in 1885. Pro illusionist and manipulator. In 1905 taken on as partner by J. N. Maskelyne. First president of The Magic Circle 1905-06. Gave Royal Command Performances 1912 and 1913. Left partnership with Maskelyne in 1915 to go on his own. In 1920, he retired from stage because of illness (paralysis agitans) but continued as writer and teacher. Prolific inventor, including Artist's Dream (1893), Color Change (1893), the Vest Servante (around 1893), Birth of Flora (1895), Mascot Moth (1905), and Vanishing Motorcycle (1913). Wrote: Hand Shadows (1901), Magic Made Easy (1911), Lessons in Conjuring (1922), Tricks for Everyone: Clever Conjuring with Common Objects (1925), My Magic Life (1931), Secrets of My Magic (1936) Coauthored: Our Magic with J. Nevil Maskelyne (1911)
	Diaconis, Persi (1945 - ) Discovered as a prodigy card magician by Dai Vernon, Diaconis dropped out of school at the age of 14 and went on tour with Vernon. By the age of 16, he struck out on his own as a magician. His need to know more about mathematics to solve certain magic problems convinced him to go back to N.Y. City College. He graduated with a degree in mathematics, was accepted at Harvard and earned his Ph.D. in 1974. He then joined the faculty of the Statistics Department at Stanford, and has remained there to this day. In 1978, he identified what he calls "the bundle of sticks" phenomenon in magic; a magician's entire performance, like a bundle of sticks, is much stronger than the individual tricks it comprises. Wrote: Some Tauberian Theorems Related to Coin Tossing (with C. Stein), 1978 Statistical Problems in ESP Research.,1978 The Mathematics of Perfect Shuffles (with R. L. Graham and W. M. Kantor), 1983 Trailing the Dovetail Shuffle to its Lair (with D. Bayer) which is his famous paper on the need to shuffle a deck seven times before it becomes truly random., 1992 Came up with the original idea for the Linking Finger Ring effect, which was produced by Richard Himber and made famous as the "Himber Ring." Also invented: Persi’s Collectors, The Red-Black Location (with Harry Lorrayne and Roberto Giobbi - Card College Volume 1). Media: Appears on the Video, Dai Vernon’s The Spirit Of Magic Informative Web site ...Video Clip
	Dingle, Derek (1937-2004) Derek Dingle was born south of London. His interest in magic began when he was eight years old, and by the beginning of the 1960's he was learning much from Ross Bertram and Eddie Fechter. At the end of the sixies, he moved to New Jersey where he became a card and coin specialist on the NY Magic scene. Invented: Derek Dingle's Sympathetic Cards, Derek Dingle's Rainbow Deck, Derek Dingle's Australian Poker, Derek Dingle's Super Card Rise. In 1971, he published with Harry Lorayne the book Dingle's Deceptions. In 1982, Richard Kaufman published The Complete Works of Derek Dingle. Media: Stars Of Magic #4: Derek Dingle DVD; Derek Dingle's Deceptions And Delights 2-Volume DVD Set
	Doebler, Ludwig (1801-1864) An Austrian magician whose most famous tricks were the lighting of 200 candles on the stage with one shot of a pistol, and the Flora's Flower Bouquet Production, in which he produced a seemingly endless number of flowers out of an empty felt hat. The candle trick was actually performed using electricity, a rarely seen and mysterious commodity when he began performing this trick in 1840. He retired from magic in 1848.
	Douglas, Bert (1897-1974) Born Douglas Robert Smith in Aberdeen, Scotland, Bert became interested in magic at the age of 12. As a young magician, he took the name "Mr. Smith - The Uncanny Aberdonian." Later, when he began writing for magicians,he transposed his two Christian names and became "Bert Douglas." His first magic writing was a contribution to The Magic Wand in 1912. In 1920, Bert emigrated to Toronto, Canada. He was author of sixteen books and hundreds of articles to UK and USA Magic magazines. Invented: Cut and Restored Jump Rope, and many original silk magic effects in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic. Wrote: Original Magic For All, Magic For Men, Masonic Magical Creations.(c 1927), Master Club Tricks (1934), Patter in Rhyme (1939) Magic Café member Mark Damon has provided much helpful information about Douglas' life and works culled from The Linking Ring.
	Downs, Thomas Nelson (1867-1938) Born in Garwin, Iowa. Raised in Montour and Marshalltown, Iowa. Pro manipulator and card and coin worker since 1883. World-famous 'King of Koins'. Elected to the SAM Hall of Fame. Prolific innovator in coin magic. Invented Back-and-Front Palm (1884), Click Pass (c 1900), Eureka Pass (c 1900), Downs Palm (c 1902), Edge Palm, Coins to Glass (c 1909), Coin Star, Coin Wand, Downs Change (1909), possibly Estimation (c 1909), Dime and Penny Trick (c 1917). Many of his sleights and routines are described in J.B. Bobo's Modern Coin Magic. Wrote: The Art of Magic, Modern Coin Manipulation
	Ducrot, Frank (1872-1939) Born T. Francis Fritz, he spent many years touring the United States as a Chautauqua performer. His performance featured hand shadows, chalk talk, Punch and Judy shows, chapeaugraphy (the art of making many different hats with one small circle of felt) and many other markers of the variety performer's trade. He is known in magic circles for inventing the classic trick called the Twentieth Century Handkerchief (in 1900 - the beginning of the 20th Century) and as inventor of the original Blendo, known as The Perfection Flag Trick and the version of the Chinese Rice Bowls used by many magicians today. During his long ownership of the Martinka company, Ducrot was very successful as a society entertainer. Many of his original silk magic effects can be found in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Dulay, Benson (?-?) Inventor of the Multum in Parvo effect, in which a large glass of milk is poured into a small glass, without overflowing.
	Dusheck, Steve (?-?) Invented: Wunderbar, Waltzing Matilda, Coin/Card, Surprise, Dusheck's Dollar, The oin and Cord, Half-a-Buck, Dusheck's Diminshing Cards, Dollar Punch, E.S.Pen,Dusheck's Copper/Silver Transpo,Pad-I-Add, Case of Identity, By the Handful, Great Pretender, Half Back, Poly-Gripped, Confounding Coffer, Quick Change, Lethal Tender, Gung Ho Deck Vanish, Funky, Shell-A-Bration, Washout, Touché, Ringer (2005) and the list keeps growing. Wrote: Dusheck's Thumbtip Magic (1991), Dusheck's Coin Magic (1992), Dusheck's Card Magic (1992), Dusheck's Mental Magic (1993), Dusheck's Close Up Magic (1994), Dusheck's Force Fields, Media: The 1982 Lecture DVD Web site: http://www.stevedusheck.com
	Dunninger,Joseph (1892 - 1975) Joseph Dunninger was born in New York and took to magic at the age of five.His first professional show was performed when he was at the age of seven, before a Masonic Club in New York. He billed himself as "Master Joseph Dunninger, Child Magician." By the time he was sixteen, Dunninger was an adult magician with an enviable reputation and appeared for a year at Eden Musee in New York City. Even at this age, Dunninger ranked as one of the most prominent magicians of the time and he took to a vaudeville tour with the Keith-Orpheum Circuit. During this tour, Dunninger developed the act of reading the minds of members of his audiences. This type of act had been done for years before Dunninger came along and used verbal coded messages sent from an assistant to the "mind-reader". Dunninger used no assistants. In an act of inspired marketing, Dunninger offered $10,000 to anyone who could prove that he used stooges, confederates, or assistants of any kind. Invented: One Hand Production Cabinet, Oriental Tubes, Drop Model Cabinet,
	Duval Ade 1898-1965 Born Adolph Albert Amrein he became interested in magic at age 16, when he and his brotherbegan performing under the name "Duval Brothers." After his brother gave up magic, Ade continued alone and in 1928 developed "The Rhapsody in Silk", on which his later success was based. Assisted by his wife, he filled the whole stage with silks. After each performance, he needed four hours in order to prepare for the next performance. You find many of his silk magic effects in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic.
	Elliott, James William (1874-1920) Born in Rumford, Maine. Learned at age 10 from amateur father. Retired as physician to be a pro cardman. Toured as 'Bosco' with the 'Le Roy-Talma-Bosco' troupe 1913-17. Invented the Spelling Trick (1910) and a variety of card tricks and sleights that bear his name..
	Elmsley, Alex (1929-2006) Elmsley was a Scottish amateur magician, magic inventor and magic author. He was inventor of the Elmsley Count, also known as the Ghost Count. He wrote three sets of lecture notes: Low Cunning (1957). He then revamped these notes with changes to content for the USA to Low Cunning (1959). His final set of notes was Cardwork (1975). He also has a two volume work Collected Works of Alex Elmsley. His video series, "The Magic of Alex Elmsley: The Tahoe Sessions," features four videos of Alex, and includes his Torn And Restored Newspaper and Cups And Balls routines, both of which are well known among magicians.

	Fantasio (1936 - ?) Born Richard Roucau in Buenos Aires, Argentina, he named himself Fantasio in 1961, when he joined the Círculo Mágico Argentino in Buenos Aires. In July 1976, Fantasio -after 17 years on the professional stage- left show business. The second portion of his life then began. It was dedicated to creating, rnanufacturing and selling magic, especially the plastic candles and canes used in so much of his magic. Wrote: My Canes and Candles Media: Video Lectures 1 & 2 - Live at the Magic Castle (VHS videotape) Web site
	Fawkes, Isaac (c1675 - 1731) An early English magician, Fawkes was known to have performed the Egg Bag trick and Blooming Bush, effects still performed today.He also built and demonstrated mechanical automations, e.g. a clock, which imitated numerous music instruments and bird voices.
	Fay, Anna Eva (1851-1927) Born Anna Norman, she demonstrated mediumistic effects, even before she married the spiritualist medium Henry Fay, but it was from him that she learned the rope tie in 1872. Up to the death of Henry Fay she developed her "act", but afterwards had great success on her own as "The High Priestess of the Mysterious Mysteries" around 1910. She is credited with having invented the dancing handkerchief as a spirit apparition for one of her séances. It was upon witnessing Anna's presentation of the dancing handkerchief during a Chicago performance, that inspired Harry Blackstone, Sr. to add the routine to his own repertoire.
	Fetsch, "Hen" (1912-1961) Inventor of Mental Epic, and various rope magic effects, including the pre-cursor of The Professor's Nightmare. Also invented Symbologic, Wallet Wallop, and Quadropelets. Wrote: Milk Pitcher Magic, Magic With Canes (1960)
	Fiedler, Lubor (?-?) Fiedler's creations include Gozinta Boxes, the Dental Dam trick, Red Hot Wire and many more. So far he has created five successful effects for Tenyo with more in the pipeline. His most recent Tenyo creation is Blue Crystal. Lubor Fiedler resides in Spittal, Austria. His inventions also include: Parabox (1993), Invisible Zone (1995), Krazy Keys (1996), Impossible Pen (1997), Antigravity Rock (1998), Phantom Clock (1999), Blue Crystal (2000).
	Fields, Eddie (1915-1994) Inventor of Invisible Deck, Zodiac Card Miracle, Relaxation Double Turnover and many other tricks and sleights. American mentalist (with partner George Martz), card handling expert, former Coney Island sideshow magician. Also invented a two-man code that bears his name.
	Fischer, Ottokar (1873-1940) Born Ottokar Fischer Marteau, he started magic in Vienna at the age of 10. Gave his first puiblic performance at age 18. Starting in 1898 he appeared regularly at the Kratky Baschik theatre in Vienna, a magic theatre with nearly 1000 seats. For 12 years he performed daily with a two and a half-hour show of magic. After the First World War he no longer performed publicly and dedicated his life to the history of magic, in particular to the life of Austrian and European magicians. He wrote The Miracle Book of Magic (1929) and J. N. Hofzinser's Card Conjuring - Kartenkünste (1910), and Illustrated Magic - Zauberkünste (1942).
	Fleming, Caryl (1890 - 1940) Caryl Stacy Fleming was born Oct 13, 1890 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Caryl worked as an actor, director, writer and amateur magician in New York and later in Los Angeles. His interest in magic never waned and as a result, in the spring of 1938, he helped charter a new magic club of the International Brotherhood of Magicians, christened "Hollywood RING 21."As fate would have it, at age 49, Caryl Fleming died on September 2, 1940 in Los Angeles while performing a card trick...just one month shy of his 50th birthday.
	Foo, Ching Ling (1854-1922) A Chinese-born magician (real name Chee Ling Qua) who was the first true Oriental magician to achieve world fame. He is credited with inventing the Foo Can, Laundry Tickets. He studied traditional Chinese magic and became a well-known and well-respected performer there. In 1898, he brought his show to the United States to perform at the Trans-Mississippi Exhibition in Omaha, Nebraska, and continued on to New York for a very successful tour. During his performance, he seemed to breathe smoke and fire, and produced ribbons and a fifteen foot long pole from his mouth. Ching Ling Foo caused a sensation when he took an empty piece of cloth, produced a huge bowl, filled to the brim with water, and then produced a small child (photo right). While Ching Ling Foo was in New York, he offered a reward of $1,000 to anyone who could produce a bowl filled with water like he did. He did it just for the publicity, but American magician William Robinson didn't know that, took up the chal;lenge and this formed the inspiration that was to become Chung Ling Soo.
	Fowler, Gus (1888-1960) Born Augustus Gerald Fowler, he learned magic at the age of 18. When he was 21 years old, J.N. Maskelyne became his mentor. After one year working with Maskelyne at St.George's Hall in London, he began the act known as Gus Fowler the Watch King. Gus Fowler manipulated with clocks with ease as other magicians manipulated coins or cards. He produced clocks, let them disappear and fly around, and ended with the production of 30 ringing bells from a hat.
	Fox, Karrell (1928 - ) When he was a child, his parents operated a small restaurant in E. Rainelle, West Virginia. A customer sneaked out without paying his bill, but left behind a few small tricks. With these, Karrell began his magic career. He appeared on the "Ed Sullivan Show" at the age of 18. He later had his own TV show, performing as Milky the Clown. Wrote: Clever Like a Fox (1976), Another Book by Karrell Fox (1979), Comedy A La Card
	Futagawa, Shigeo Born in Yokohama, Japan. He was inspired at age 15 by a TV magic show. Began performing professional close-up magic in 1972, specializing in card and coin magic. He invented several packet tricks and coin routines. He has lectured in USA. In 1983, he won the Tenkai Prize. Inventions include: 3-Rope Card Trick, Four Tell On Dice, Upon Reflection, 3D Reflection Wrote: Introduction to Coin Magic (1978)
	Ganson, Lewis (1913-1980) Wrote more than sixty books on magic, among them Routined Manipulation (three volumes, 1951-54), Dai Vernon's Symphony of the Rings, The Dai Vernon Book of Magic (1957), Cy Endfield's Entertaining Card Magic (1959), The Magic of Slydini, Magic with Faucett Ross,The Art of Close-up Magic (1972), and The Ganson Book (1982).
	Garcia, Frank (1927-1993) Son of Spanish immigrants. He decided to become a magician after seeing a performance of Fu Manchu (David Bamberg). Frank Garcia was a very popular magician who was known to magicians and gamblers as "The Man With The Million Dollar Hands." One of his specialties was gambling scams and cheating. As "The Gambling Investigator", he demonstrated and exposed cheating methods at tradeshows and to law enforcement organizations throughout the United States. His best-known books about gambling include: Marked Cards and Loaded Dice (1962) which was later released as How to Detect Crooked Gambling (1977), All in a Nutshell (1974) and Don't Bet on It (1978). Garcia also wrote many other books on magic: Million Dollar Card Secrets, Super Subtle Card Miracles, The Very Best of Cups and Balls, and Encyclopedia of Sponge Ball Magic.
	Gardner,Martin (1914 - ) Wrote: Martin Gardner's Table Magic, Encyclopedia of Impromptu Magic, 12 Tricks with a Borrowed Deck, After the Dessert, Die of Another Color, Martin Gardner Presents, Mathematics, Magic, and Mystery, Mental Magic: Surefire Tricks to Amaze Your Friends, and many more books of a mathematical, scientific or puzzle nature. He has been a regular contributor to Scientific American and is so respected by scientists, that he has had an asteroid (2587 - Gardner) named after him.
	Germain,Karl (1878 - 1960) Germain, Karl (born Charles Mattmueller), began at the age of 8 years Between 14 and 16 he learned muscle vintages, which he demonstrated however only with private appearances. At the age of 18 he demonstrated a mind reading program with his sister as a medium. In 1906 he traveled to London, where he came to know and work with David Devant and John Neville Maskelyne. Germain presented stage magic like the Visible Flower Growth; large illusions including levitations, appearances, and transpositions; mysterious spirit effects; and very clever mentalism. It was said that he could fool expert magicians with his close-up magic.
	Gerrish, Jim (1942 - ) Magic author and inventor, Founder of the original Wiz Kids, Inc. in 1980; co-founder of The Magic Nook with Phineas Spellbinder (Victor Grimes) in 2003. Inventor of many magic tricks and illusions including "The Utility Cabinet," "The O.O.P.S! Machine (burnt shoe trick)," and many others. Author of PVC Pipe Illusions for the REALLY, REALLY Cheap Illusionist! and many articles in Genii Magazine and The Wizards' Journals.
	Gibson, Walter Brown (1897-1985) Gibson, already interested in magic as a child, joined the Society of American Magicians at the age of 22. He knew a great many celebrated magicians personally,such as Thurston, Houdini, Blackstone, Dunninger, and Kreskin for whom he worked as a Ghost writer. He also wrote: The Complete Illustrated Book of Card Magic (1969), Popular Card Tricks (1972), Secrets of Magic (1973), New Magician's Manual (1975), The Book of Magic (1978), Walter Gibson's Big Book of Magic (1980), The Complete Illustrated Book of Divination and Prophecy. More than just a magic writer, Gibson authored hundreds of other types of books and novels, including "The Shadow" (both in book form and in comic book form), novellettes about "Norgil the Magician," true crime stores for mystery and detective magazines. Invented: Thumb Cuffs, In 1971 The Academy of Magical Arts awarded Walter a Literary Fellowship. In 1979 he was awarded the Masters Fellowship.
	Goldin, Horace (1874-1939) This Polish-born world-famous illusionist (real name Hyman Goldstein) was noted for his lightning-fast style. He is credited with inventing his own version of the Sawing a Woman In Two Illusion and the Buzz Saw illusion. In Goldin's "Sawing", the head, hands, and feet of his assistant were in full view throughout the operation. Later Goldin discarded the covering box, and, using a power-driven saw, performed the sawing-through and restoration in full view. By Royal Command he played four times before King Edward VII of England, earning the name "Royal Illusionist." Goldin also appeared before the Kings of Saxony, Portugal, Sweden and Siam, and Presidents Harding and Wilson. Invented: Mystic Papyrus Papers, the Canon Illusion (with Walter Jeans) His autobiography is It's Fun To Be Fooled (1937).
	Goldston,Will (1878-1948) Born in Liverpool, England as Wolf Goldstone. Inspired at the age 11 or 12 by a box of tricks, he began learning magic. He also learned from visits with Prof. Alexander in 1892, and from reading Hoffmann's Modern Magic. His first publ;ic performance was at age 20, in 1898, as 'Carl Devo' c1898-1907, initially with a Black Art show. He managed the Conjuring, Theatrical, and Entertainment Departments at Gamage's 1905-14. Founded The Magicians' Club in 1911, serving as Treasurer throughout ,but running it as a one-man self-serving club, until it passed into limbo in WW II. He was the owner-manager of Aladdin House (Will Goldston Ltd) 1914-48 in London. He compiled and edited the Magician's Annual magazine from 1908 to 1916. Wrote: Tricks of the Masters and Will Goldstons Exclusive Magical Secrets.
	Goode, Frederick (1970- ) Former member of The Wiz Kids, Inc, Wiz Kid Fred "starred" as an imitator of Michael Jackson, doing dove and candle magic as he danced to Jackson's music and in his style. Fred became an MC for the group, and at 18, was elected to the board of trustees and finally became Director of the Non-Profit Corporation in 1991, continuing in that role at the present time. He continues to invent many of the magic effects and illusions in use by the Wiz Kids today. Notable effects include The Invisible Pen, Signed Torn and Restored Napkin, and co-creator with Jim Gerrish of The Litter Vanish Illusion. Several of his effects are published in The Wizards' Journal.
	Goodenough, Eleazar (1997 - ) Stage name of Frederick Goode's son, who by the age of six had already invented and published his first trick "I Scry" (2003) in his grandfather's (Phineas Spellbinder) Wizards' Journal #1. His first book of paper magic Tear-Able Magic was published in 2005. He is the youngest member of The Wiz Kids, Inc. and continues to perform, invent and publish magic effects for his group and on his own. Most notable effects so far, Every Century Silks and The Ultimate Newspaper Tear (which includes his Tuck-it invention). Many of his effects appear in The Wizards' Journal.
	Goshman, Albert (1920-1991) One of the best close-up magicians, a test case for perfect timing and misdirection was Goshman's routine with coins moving under a salt and pepper shaker. Best known for his work with sponge balls and his manufactured sponge products. Wrote: Magic by Gosh
	Grant, U. F. (1901-1978) Ulysses Frederick Grant was a magic dealer in New York City between 1925-1939 and later in Columbus, Ohio until his death in 1978. In 1944, he was joined by magic maker R.N. Menge, who added many of his own inventions to the Grant line. Inventions to which both Grant and Menge contributed were usually labled as being from "G. & M." such as the G & M Suspension Board, the G & M Passe Passe Bottles, and so on. They parted ways and became rivals about 1945. Grant was a prolific inventor: The Farmer and the Witch (c 1935), Walking thru a Ribbon (c 1937), Alagen Rope (with Winston Freer c 1939), Super-X Levitation (c 1942), Temple Screen (c 1945), Devil's Newspaper (c 1948), Chink Cans (c 1949), Pig Turns 'round (c 1952), Bengal Net (1953), Cow Trick (c 1955), Chen-Lee Water Suspension (c 1962), Strat-o-Spheres (c 1962), and Candle-Lite (c 1963). Also: Bullet Proof Girl, Mystery of the Temple Jewels, Head Dagger Chest. Many of his silk magic inventuions are described in Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic and his rope magic inventions in the Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks. Wrote: Tricks for Kid Shows, Victory Carton Illusions, 25 One Man Mind Reading Secrets, Secrets, G&M Magic Course (with R.N. Menge) Thanks to Mark Damon for tracking down additional information and the photo of Grant at the right from The Linking Ring. Grant at his desk, c. 1944
	Guest, Leslie (1898-1981) Leslie P. Guest was a magician, shadowgraphist and one time associate editor of "The Linking Ring", past president of the Society of American Magicians, and an editor of MUM.
	Guitar, Presley (? - ?) American magician who uses his real name. Inventor and magic manufacturer, specializing in trick coins. Invented (and holds patents for) Cigarette Thru Quarter and Copper, Silver, Brass.
	Gwynne, Jack (1895-1969) One of the superstars of American magic, Jack (born Joseph McGwynne) was the illusionist who created the Temple of Benares illusion as a variation of Culpitt's Doll House illusion. Jack often had to make his own props because the nearest magic dealer was 300 miles from where he lived. He also made props for other magicians, including Houdini and Thurston. He also invented the Flipover Box, Atomic Dove Vanish, Box-Tray and Screen, After World War I, during which Jack often entertained the troops overseas, he developed his own full evening show with several new illusions, with which he toured until 1951. Jack also rose to prominence as a magician on the new technology of television.

	Haden, Conrad (? - ? ) American coin specialist and inventor of the Expanded Shell, $1.35 trick, Dime to English Penny and others. Many of his tricks are included in J.B. Bobo's Modern Coin Magic.
	Hahne, Nelson C. (1908-1970) American magic enthusiast and illustrator of several books on magic. Also co-authored several magic booklets. Illustrated: Modern Coin Magic, by J.B. Bobo; Annemann's Card Magic, by Ted Annemann; The Encyclopedia of Card Tricks, by Jean Hugard, Rope Royale, by Keith Clark Co-authored Here's Magic with Joe Berg. His illustrations of impeccably dressed magicians influenced whole generations of young apprentices to the craft.
	Hallema,Flip (?-?) Dutch magician Flip Hallema was born in Rotterdam, Holland. He took up magic as a hobby at the age of nine. He performs only under the name of Flip. Media: Flip's Truly Magical Rope Magic - DVD,
	Hamman, Br. John (1927-2001) American card magic specialist and inventor of creative card moves much used in card magic today. At the age of 26, he was paralyzed by polio and became wheelchair bound. Invented the Hamman Count and Flustration Count among others. For more information, see The Secrets of Brother John Hamman (1989) by Richard Kaufman. Media: Bro. John Hamman's Lost Works DVD
	Harbin, Robert (1909 - 1978 ) Robert Harbin (born Ned Williams in South Africa), magician, developed illusions of his own such as the "Neon Light Illusion" and is generally regarded as the man who made the transition from the great illusionists of the past to the modern magicians we know today. He was the first person to make a success of magic on TV in Britain starting in 1940 when he was able for the first time to bring magic to people's homes and entertain huge audiences, establishing his name as one of the pioneers of television magic. He was particularly remembered on TV for his presentations of paper folding (origami) items. Invented: Four of a Kind, Topsy-Turvey, Zig-Zag, Fade Away. Video Clip of Zig-Zag : http://tinyurl.com/rps6v
	Harris, Paul (? - ?) Paul Harris is an inventor, magician, and writer. Described by the magic magazine Genii (December 1996) as “the most innovative magic mind of our day”, he is said to have invented tricks including: “linking playing cards”, “a solid deck”, a torn and restored card effect, coins materializing from mirrors, a card that appears to turning ninety degrees when pushed into the pack, and a torn and restored quarter. Harris has performed at the Dunes Hotel and at other locations on the Las Vegas Strip and was a technical advisor for David Blaine’s Magic Man and Street Magic TV shows. Wrote: Magic of Paul Harris (1976) , Close Up Fantasies (Volumes 1 and 2 - 1980), A Close-Up Kinda Guy (1983), The Art of Astonishment (Volumes 1,2 and 3 1996), Paul Harris Reveals Some of His Most Intimate Secrets (1976) and many, many more.
	Hatton, Henry (1837-1922) Born in New York. Stage name of Patrick Henry Cannon since 1867. Inspired seeing Heimbürger, J.H. Anderson, and Macallister. Self-taught. Wrote (as P.H. Cannon) the Lessons in Magic series, which ran from 1865 to 1867 in Our Young Folks (Boston). Notable because, like Hoffmann's later Modern Magic, it was largely based on Ponsin. Pro since 1867 when he interrupted the Lessons in Magic series to begin touring. Joined SAM 1902 as Member #21. Co-authored (as Henry Hatton with Adrian Plate) Magicians' Tricks (1910), a classic that Henry Hay rightly called the 'first American general textbook' of magic. The co-authors drew the wrath of many colleagues for public exposure by permitting key sections to be reprinted in St. Nicholas, a bestselling magazine for boys. Hatton weathered this scandal to become President of SAM 1912-14. Wrote: Secrets of Conjuring, The Art of Second Sight
	Hazeldene, Norman (1885-1975) A British semi-professional magician who performed under the stage name of “The Great Norman,” he is largely remembered because of one invention : The Elusive Rabbits. This trick was first marketed in England by Harry Stanley, and later Edwin Hooper of Supreme and under license in the USA by Abbott’s as, The Hippity-Hop Rabbits (1947). Also invented: Discus, Improved Card Go, Improved Disecto, Bang Pistol. Information provided by Mark Damon, who used as his reference sources Bart Whaley’s Who’s Who in Magic, and also Whaley's Encyclopedic Dictionary of Magic. Additional information on his inventions provided by his neighbor, Tony James.
	Heron of Alexandria (10 BC - 75 AD) Heron (or Hero) of Alexandria taught at the Museum in Alexandria. His works look like lecture notes from courses he must have given there on mathematics, physics, pneumatics, and mechanics. Some are clearly textbooks, while others are perhaps drafts of lecture notes not yet worked into final form for a student textbook. In his book Pneumatica, he describes making trick jars that give out wine or water separately or in constant proportions, singing birds and sounding trumpets, puppets that move when a fire is lit on an altar, animals that drink when they are offered water. He is also credited with making the first steam engine (drawing on the right) although it was regarded as no more than a toy.
	Herrmann, Carl Compars (1816-1887) The greatest magician of what was to become the most famous magic family of the 19th century, Carl Compars Herrmann was born near Hanover Germany. Born one of sixteen children, his father, Samuel Herrmann was a wandering magician. His father introduced the family into magic by performing a private seance for Napoleon. Carl (Compars) Herrmann was an older brother of Alexander Herrmann and made his first big public debut at the Theatre Royal in the Haymarket, London, in 1848, where he performed the suspension illusion entitled 'Le Suspension Ethéréenne' (or Suspension by Ether). From that beginning, he toured in Central Europe, England, France and America.
	Hilliard, John Northern (1872- 1935) Born in Palmyra, NY, Hilliard became a reporter on the Chicago Press, then moved to the New York Telegram. In New York, he met Howard Thurston and became interested in magic. He corresponded with Angelo Lewis (Professor Hoffman) and was influenced to write The Art of Magic (1909) by T. Nelson Downs. Floyd Thayer urged him to write for the Magical Bulletin. In 1925, Hilliard became an advance man for The Thurston show. During this time he accumulated notes from every conceivable source on what he was learning about magic. In 1932, Carl Waring Jones urged him to turn his notes into a book, offering to publish it, but Hilliard suddenly died in 1935, his great book left unwritten. His friends stepped in, took his notes and worked them into the book he had intended- one for the magical profession only. Jean Hugard helped Carl Jones edit and write up the notes. Harlan Tarbell made drawings, often with Hugard posing for the illustrations. In 1938, Hilliard's Greater Magic was published posthumously. It was followed by publication of More Greater Magic and The Lost Notebooks of John Northern Hilliard. More than just a writer, Hilliard also contributed some of his own inventions to the art of magic: The Great Poker Trick, a Two Person Code, an Original Magazine Test, Two Souls With But a Single Thought, Experiment in Mind Reading, a Think Stop Trick, Date Divination, a Dictionary Trick.
	Himber, Richard (1900-1966) Born Herbert Richard Imber in Newark, NJ, Himber was famous as a bandleader and practical joker as well as a magician and inventor of many magic effects, including the Himber Ring (after an idea by Persi Diaconis) and the Himber Wallet. In 1933 Himber composed the hit song It Isn't Fair. He managed Rudy Vallee's orchestra and finally formed his own orchestra and toured the U.S.A. with it. Other popular tunes that Himber composed were After the Rain, Haunting Memories, Time Will Tell, Am I Asking Too Much, and I'm Getting Nowhere Fast With You.
	Histed, Louis (?-?) Invented the Square Circle, Pom Pom Prayer Stick , Rainbow Cards, Pocket Pass, Shifting Sands, Pagoda-Screen-Girl Illusion Wrote: The Magic of Louis Histed
	Hoffmann, Professor (1839-1919) Born in London, England. Pen name of Angelo John Lewis, a barrister (since 1861) and writer. Amateur magician since learning in the early 1860s from a book and then lessons from Hellis (in 1873) and Charlier. In 1873 he undertook a series of articles titled 'Modern Magic' for Routledge's every boy's annual, which launched his career as the most prolific and influential magic author and translator until modern times. SAM Hall of Fame. Invented: The Tell Tale Heart, Commando, Mystic Money Box, Chest of Sibyl, Wrote: Herrman's Tricks with Cards, Home Gymnastics (1899), Illustrated Book of Patience Games (1904), Modern Magic (1876), More Magic (1890), Later Magic (1904), Magical Titbits (1911), Latest Magic (1918), Patience with the Joker (1907)
	Hofzinser, Johann Nepomuk (1806-1875) Born in Vienna, Austria. Learned magic by 1828. Government bureaucrat. Amateur magician, then semi-pro from 1854, then full-time pro until 1865 (when he retired from government job). Invented Envelope Card (1847), Shell Coin (by 1847), Book Test (early 1850s), Everywhere and Nowhere (c1860), Black Art Table (1872), Slit Glass (by 1875), Spring Balls (by 1875), probably Flags of All Nations (by 1875), probably Flag Pole (by 1875), Card Frame, Card Star, probably Floating Wand, Dancing Cane, Mirror Glass, Silk Casket, and probably the Small Packet Trick. He also invented the rough and smooth principle
	Holden, Max (1884- 1949) Born William Holden Maxwell in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1884. He performed as part of duo Holden and Graham. In 1929 left stage to become a magic dealer (Max Holden Magic Shop) in New York City. Wrote: Manual of Juggling, but published a great many other books on magic by various magicians. Invented: The Cross-Cut Force and others.
	Hooper, Edwin (1925 - ?) Magician, dealer (owner of England's Supreme Magic), and prolific inventor of many of Supreme Magic's effects. It is difficult to trace the effects that Edwin (he was always just called Edwin by most magicians) invented because he often credited other staff members at Supreme Magic with having invented the tricks he came up with. He didn't want magicians thinking he invented all of Supreme's Magic by himself (but it is almost true!). Invented: Everyone Wins, The President's Lady, Three Little Pigs, Farmyard Frolics, Funny Fotos, Instant Art, The Rainbow House Wrote: Edwin's Magic (three volumes) c. 1989, Hallo Mr. Punch ,
	Horowitz, Leo Sam (1894-1971) Mohammed Bey (Leo Sam Horowitz), was an American magician and publisher of articles and books on magic. Wrote: Okito Coin box Routines (1963), Jardine Ellis Ring on Stick and Ring on Rope and descriptions of magic in Stars of Magic, Jinx, Phoenix and new Phoenix.
	Houdini, Harry (1874-1926) Born in Pest, Hungary. Stage name of Ehrich Weiss (born Erik Weisz). Brought to USA later that spring when the family name was henceforward spelled Weiss and his first name was re-spelled Ehrich. At age 9 saw his first magician (Dr Lynn). Moved to New York City in 1888 when taught his first sleight-of-hand tricks by friends Jake Hyman and Joe Rinn. Inspired to become a professional by reading Robert-Houdin's Memoirs in 1890 and then in 1891, at Hyman's suggestion, adopted 'Houdini' as stage name. Considered the most famous magician in history. To escape a life of poverty, he reinvented himself as magician Harry Houdini, King of Cards and Handcuff King. Houdini invented the Escape Challenge, daring spectators to handcuff or tie him in unusual knots and devices. He invented many escape devices and stage illusions includimg hios most famous Water Torture Cell, Houdini Pillory,Milk Can Escape. Video Link Wrote: The Right Way To Do Wrong (1906), The Unmasking of Robert-Houdin (1906), Handcuff Secrets (1909), Magical Rope Ties & Escapes (1920), Miracle Mongers and Their Methods (1920), Mysterious Mr. Yu (a film script)(1921), Houdini's Paper Magic (1922), "Margery" the Medium Exposed (1924), A Magician Among The Spirits (1924) Video Footage: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUbytEgTXZQ
	Hugard, Jean (1871-1959) Born in Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. Stage and pen name of John Gerard Rodney Boyce, originally aka 'Jean Hugarde', later aka 'Chin Sun Loo'. Inspired in 1880 seeing Haselmayer show. Learned a week later reading Robert-Houdin's Secrets of Magic, then Hoffmann's Modern Magic. He began his professional career in 1896. He moved to USA in 1916, working vaudeville from 1916-18 and in his own magic theater in Luna Park (at Coney Island) 1919-29. When he retired, he went to Brooklyn to write and edit magic. Named 4th SAM Dean of Magicians in 1951. SAM Hall of Fame. Wrote (with Frederick Braue): The Stripper Deck - Miracle Methods No. 1, Miracle Shuffles and Tricks - Miracle Methods No. 2 (1942),Prepared Cards and Accessories - Miracle Methods No. 3 (1942), Tricks and Sleights - Miracle Methods No. 4 (1942),Show Stoppers with Cards, The Invisible Pass (1946), The Royal Road to Card Magic (1951), Expert Card Technique (1940). Wrote on his own: Card Manipulations (1934),Close-up Magic (1938), Coin Magic (1935), Encyclopedia of Card Tricks (1937), Houdini's Unmasking (1957), Mental Magic with Cards (1935), Money Magic (1937), More Card Manipulations (1938), Sealed Mysteries of Pocket Magic (c 1930), Silken Sorcery (1937), Thimble Magic (1936) Edited and produced: "Hugards Magic Monthly" 22 volumes. It chronicles the American magic scene of the '40s, '50s and '60s, with emphasis on New York's 'Inner Circle'.
	Hughes, Jack (1906-1981) Born in Exeter, England, Jack Hughes, magician, inventor and magic dealer, is renowned for his magical apparatus and inventions, much of which is still commercial and is being performed today. A cabinet maker by trade, Hughes made wooden props for Will Goldston 1936-37 and also Davenport's Magic Store. Hughes was co-founder and owner (with Harry Stanley & Arthur Dowler) of Unique Magic Studio (1946-1948). Then he founded his own "Maker of Magic" shop in London, moving it to Kings Lynn in Norfolk in the mid-1970s. Among Jack's inventions are such classics as The Giant and the Dwarf (by 1950), Cats and Chickens, the Pro-Van Cabinet, Run Bonzo Run, Dove Carousel, Clatter Box (by 1963), Clatter Table, AttaBoy (c. late1930s), Cuban Release, Card Go, Chair Suspension, Electric Sawing,The Lady Vanishes, Fly-Away Birds, Snake Basket, Dippy Duck, Neck Spiker ,Copenetro (1939) , How Much (1947), Percy the Penguin (1948), Television Frame (c. 1936) and more. Published Jack Hughes' News-Letter (1949), Hughes News (1953-59, 11 issues).
	Hull, Burling (1889-1982) Born Burlingame Hull in Brooklyn, New York City. Inspired by and learned in 1893 at age 4 when invented first trick. Pro since 1907 or 1908 when he began his life-long career as a mail-order magic dealer, initially under own name. Soon turned to teaching and writing booklets on specialized subjects in magic. His first was the 63-page Expert Billiard Ball Magic (1910), an instant success and also the first step-by-step photo-illustrated how-to magic book. Subsequently a prolific author. Invented Svengali Deck (1909), Menetekel Deck (1910), and probably the Floating Lightbulb (by 1931). Retired in Florida. Although an important figure in magic, his often outrageous claims and many empty promises led him to be widely known as 'Hurling Bull'. Used many pseudonyms, including 'Clif Westfield' (in 1907), 'The White Wizard' (1912-18), 'Gilbert Galt' (pen name of novelettes in pulp magazines c1916), 'Gilbert Gault' (as pretend editor in 1930s), 'Sylvester Walters' (as pretend editor of Sealed Mysteries), 'Volta' (stage name since 1932), 'Lou Hall' (his pretend agent in 1950s), and 'Gid Dayn' (1959-61, his coy rendering of 'God Damn'). Wrote: Fifty Sealed Message Reading Methods
	Hull, Ralph W. (1883-1943) American magician (specialty card magic) and magic author who invented a number of commercial effects, including the Mirage Deck, the Brainwave Deck and the Mental Photography Deck. Also invented: Mental Discernment, Famous Vanishing Knot, Pop-Eyed Eye-Popper, Joker Spelling Trick, Homing Ball. Credit: Photo of Ralph W. Hull Programme at left was sent in by Mark Damon.
	Hummer, Bob (1905--1981) American magician and author credited with inventing the Whirling Card, Mind Reader, Predictable Parity, Dead Parity Sketch. He lived in Chicago and Baltimore, performed professionally, and marketed his original creations to other magicians. Learn more about him from: Bob Hummer's Collected Secrets (1980) by Karl Fulves
	Hunter, G.W. (?-?) Invented: GW Hunter False Shuffle, GW Puzzling Knot, Acrobatic Matchbox, a JumboThree Card Monte version, His rope effects appear in the Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks.
	Ireland, L.L. (Laurie L.) (1898-1954) American magician renowned for his skill in sleeving coins and in billiard ball manipulation. With his wife, Frances, he opened the L.L. Ireland Magic Co. in Chicago, which has since become Magic Inc. He invented a number of popular effects and routines, including the Multiplying Golf Balls. He was married to Frances, who later married Jay Marshall. Invented: A Florist's Dream, Wrote: Ireland Writes a Book, Ideal Handkerchief Manipulation, Ireland's New Card and Coin Manipulation, Black Art and many others.
	James, Stewart, (1908-1996) Magic's most creative inventor, who invented over 1000 magic tricks and published many of them in books and magazines. The book Stewart James in Print: The First 50 Years, edited by P. Howard Lyons and Allan Slaight, contained 1025 pages filled with 412 exceedingly clever tricks, and all by Stewart James. Volumes 1 and 2 of The James File by Allan Slaight, contains nearly 1700 pages of Stewart James's magic. He also compiled and edited the Abbott Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks, and much of the work that went into Stewart James' Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks.
	Jarrett, Guy Ellsworth (1881-1972) Guy Jarrett was one of the most influential inventors of illusions. In his youth he becvame interested in magic after seeing a show by Harry Kellar. About 1910, he began to build his own illusions which were constructed on the idea that the human body could fit in a much smaller space than previously thought by illusionists. In 1912 he manufactured illusions for Howard Thurston. Around 1925 Guy invented the first "Thin Model" of the "Sawing Illusion". In 1936, Jarrett published a disappointed and pessimistic book Jarrett Magic, which he manufactured and bound by hand. To learn more about him, read: The Complete Jarrett by Jim Steinmeyer.
	Jeans, Walter Cerreta (1877 - 1942) Born Walter Janes, Walter Ceretta Jeans is credited with inventing one of the most mystifying illusion principles which came to be known as The Million Dollar Mystery. He invented a Cannon Illusion that he called "Blown to Atoms", with Horace Goldin, although according to Peter Warlock, the version Jeans invented was never produced. However, Goldin probably got the idea of a Cannon Illusion from working with Jeans, so we'll give him credit for the inspiration. He also invented "The Death of Coira," which was the forerunner of Andre Kole's "Table of Death,." and is also credited with inventing the Color Changing Knives. Informative book: Walter Jeans Illusioneer, by Peter Warlock and edited by Eric C. Lewis(1986). The original book is very rare (only 500 were printed). The book is currently in a second printing (#501 to 1000) and available from Mike Caveney's Magic Words: http://websites4magicians.com/mcmagicwords/www/index.html
	Jones, Chuck (?-?) At the age of 12, Chuck Jones performed on The Johnny Carson Show. At the age of 20, he had his own magic show.Inventor of the Divided Lady or Mis-made Girl Illusion - see photo at right. Other Illusions he has invented: Squeeze Play, Space Age Cylinders, and Hi-Tech Levitation. His latest is called Fusion; a woman penetrates a large sheet of glass apparently without harm until the glass fuses together cutting her in half.
	Jordan, Charles Thorton (1888-1944) Born in California, USA. Inspired in 1898 (age 10) on seeing a performance by Kellar. In 1919 he published a book on card magic entitled Thirty Card Mysteries. In it he described a novel sleight today called the Jordan Count. In 1920 he published 5 booklets with over 50 card effects. He continued publishing until 1923 and then lost his interest in magic. Charles Jordan never performed in public and his fame was mostly based on his publications. In 1935 he was contacted by Theodore Annemann who wanted to publish a collection of his work. However, the series was abandoned shortly after. Wrote: Ten New Prepared Card Tricks (1920)
	Joseffy (1873 - 1946) Born Joseph P. Freund in Vienna of Austrian parents, he came to the USA at the age of 19 where he worked at a Chicago Magic Store, building props and illusions. He invented a self-contained, no-thread version of The Rising Cards that astounded magicians of his day. Other inventions included The Enigmatic Cube, a variant of Bautier De Kolta's Expanding Cube, The Phantom Quartette, The Congress of Nations, and Balsamo, the Living Skull, among other things. His creations were described by David P. Abbott in The Marvelous Creations of Joseffy (1908). Jossefy was also reputed to be an excellent violinist and pianist, who performed professionally on the Chautauqua circuit (c 1905). The famous American poet, Carl Sandburg, also wrote a promotional booklet entitled simply Joseffy (1910).
	Joseph, Eddie (1899-1974) Born in India, the son of European parents he developed an interest in magic about the age of 12. As an adult, he operated a school for magicians in Bombay. Wrote: The Art of Body Loading, The Art of Eddie Joseph, The Manual of the 3 Shell Game, Magic and Mysteries of India, Eddie Joseph on... Cups and Balls, The Hindu Cups, Coin and Money Magic (1942), Invented: Premonition Mental Card Miracle, Mirage gimmick, Mail Mentalism and many others.
	Judah, Stewart (1893-1966) (born Joshua Stewart) Began a career in magic in 1920. By 1938 he was selected as one of the 10 best living card magicians. He had an encyclopedic knowledge of all aspects of magic. Judah published numerous effects in magazines (Jinx, Phoenix, New Phoenix, Talisman, Linking Ring). Wrote: Magic World of Stewart Judah. Contributed many effects to the Rice Encyclopedia of Silk Magic, as well as to the Tarbell Course in Magic.

	Kane, Peter 1938-2004 Kane was an extremely creative magician. His success started when he invented Watch the Ace! He became a protegé of Gus Sothall, who encouraged him to publish the trick in Hugard's Magic Monthly (April, 1962). This was the foundation for Wild Card, a variation on The Mystic Nine by Bro. John Hamman. Kane's idea was further developed by Frank Garcia. Other Kane inventions: Gypsy Curse, Jazz Aces, Elongated Lady and The Shrinking Card Case. Kane wrote: A Card Session, Another Card Session (1971), A Further Card Session (1975), Combined Card Sessions (1982), K's Variant, Wild Card Plus, Kane (1982). Kane also contributed many routines to various magic magazines.
	Kaps, Fred (1926-1980) Born Abraham Pieter Adrianus Bongers from Utrecht, in the Netherlands, Fred Kaps is known as the magician who won the Grand Prix of the FISM three times (1950-1955-1961), so far the only magician in the world to be able to make that claim. He was the creator of many original effects, including his version of the color-changing silks, Dancing and Floating Cork, Homing Card and Smoking Thumb.Another popular effect he often performed was the salt shaker that seemed to have an endless supply of salt. Media: Seeing is Believing DVD Video Clip on Informative Web site Ed Sullivan Show Performance
	Kardyro, Tony (1908-1994) Born Anthony Thomas Barbato, his parents emigrated to the USA when he was 3 years old. He began his career performing under the name "Tony London," and then changed it to "Tony Kardyro" around 1933. Tony Kardyro was one of the first to perform a complete dove act in nightclubs around the country. He went under the stage name of "Seńor Torino, the Continental Deceptionist." Invented: Kardyro Dove Bag. Kardyro wrote 15 books, including: Your Deck, Your Card (1948), Dovetail Deceptions (1955), Kardyro's Kard Konjuring (1955), Kardyro's Kolossal Kompendium of Klever and Kommercial Klose-Up (1981).
	Karson, Joe (1912-1980) Born Joseph Alexander Chrzanowski, the son of Polish immigrants in Providence, Rhode Island changed his name to Joe Karson after his parents separated. Starting in 1929, he performed three years with a Chinese magic act billed as "Chan Lin and company." Karson published more than one dozen manuscripts in the middle of the thirties to end of the forties . Beside the world-well-known Zombie, (photo on right) which he patented in 1940, Karson also invented: Vodoo, a one-man routine for the dancing handkerchief, the Magic Vision Tester, Chinese Egg Bag, Rubberneck (Head Twister), Submerged Card Mystery, and Traveling Fleming, Mismaide Girl Illusion, The Witch of the Pumpkin Illusion, Tea Chest Illusion, Mystery of the Open Screen, Battle of the Toy Soldiers Illusion. Wrote: Illusion Secrets, Karson – Complete Club Act (1933), World's Fastest Card Trick (1948), Hypnotricks and many others.
	Kato, Hideo (1943- ) Kato went to work part-time as a magic demonstrator for Tenyo when he was nineteen years old. This experience inspired him to become a member of the Tenyo Company. His first major contribution for Tenyo was not in the magic line but with their puzzles. He created some puzzles, which were variations of Pentomino, which were Tenyo best sellers in those days. He is the creator of such well known magic effects like The Wandering Hole or Mirror-Mate, and thirteen unique magic inventions altogether. Kato has a particular love for cards and over the years he has developed many tricks with them.
	Kellar, Harry (1849-1922) American-born Heinrich Keller. Known as the Dean of American Magicians, Harry Kellar enjoyed both unqualified public recognition and financial success. His was by far the largest and most elaborate stage illusion show touring during the late 1800s and early 1900s. He is best known for his stunning version of the Levitation, in which a girl mysteriously rises up from a couch, floats across the stage to the audience, then disappears into thin air. On May 16, 1908, Kellar retired and in a grand onstage ceremony, removed his cape and placed it on the shoulders of his chosen successor, Howard Thurston. Invented: Kellar Colin Catcher, Nikko, Wrote: A Magician's Tour (1886), Arithmetical Calculations (1885), High Caste Indian Magic (1893), Magic among the Red Men (1895)
	Koran, Al (1914-1972) British mentalist (real name Edward Doe), author and magic inventor of Ring Flite. Also Invented: A variation of the Bagshawe Deck, now called the Koran deck, The Koran Medallion Wrote: Al Koran's Professional Presentations (1967), Bring Out the Magic in Your Mind (1988), Mastered amazement: Mainly for the manipulator(1947) Media: Al Koran Performance CD For more information, see Al Koran's Legacy (1973) by Hugh Miller and The Magic of Al Koran (1984) by Martin Breese.
	Kort, Milton, (1917-2003) Kort was a pharmacist and performed magic only as a hobby. He was interested in all aspects of magic and possessed a large technical library. Innumerable authors of magic books and articles fell back time and again to his immense knowledge. Kort has over 30 coin inventions published in J.B. Bobo's Modern Coin Magic (1952). Another large selection of his effects was published by Stephen Minch in The Magic of Milt Kort (1999). Wrote: Kort is Now in Session (1962); Kortially Yours Miko, invented by Harold Sterling and named after Milton Kort, involves cards and a die in which the spectator realizes that his card should be none other than the...Three-and-a-Half of Clubs.
	Kuma (1884-1963) Born Kinjiro Tanko Kumajo in Korea of Japanese parents, he learned Japanese magic skills beginning about the age of 5. In 1904 he moved to the USA. He is best known for his performance of the Kuma Tubes (from two cylindrical tubes shown empty, he produced a large quantity of silks and a brass vase whose diameter was larger than that of the tubes), named after him, but more likely from an ancient Chinese magic principle.
	Lafayette (1872-1911) Born Sigmund Neuberger in Munich, Germany, his family emigrated to America and his early years in show business were spent as a first rate archer in a Vaudeville act. He began his magical career around 1900 as an imitator of Ching Ling Foo,then toured to London where he appeared as "The Great Lafayette." His excellent quick-change routine as well as dramatic illusions such as his own Lion's Bride (lady to lion) made him very popular. He also had an extraordinary devotion to his dog, Beauty. He was killed in a theater fire in Edinburgh, Scotland during a performance.
	Larsen, William W. (Sr.) (1905-1953) American lawyer and magician who founded Genii magazine. In 1939, he toured the USA with his entire family participating in his full-evening stage show. He also purchased and operated Thayer Magic Co. from 1942 to 1947. In 1963, Milt Larsen and William Larsen, Jr. opened The Magic Castle, in Hollywood, CA, fulfilling Bill Larsen Senior's dream of a a home for the Academy of Magical Arts, which Larsen,Sr. had first created in the pages of Genii magazine in 1952.. Invented: Double Block Penetration,Bengal Turban Mystery, many others. Wrote: Spook Show in your Parlor, Mental Mysteries With Cards, The Mental Mysteries of William Larsen, Sr (1977). Invented: "Finger Prints" the first description in print (July, 1923) of what would become the "Out to Lunch" principle, and many of the effects in The Encyclopedia of Rope Magic,
	Leat, Harry (1874 - 1949) British magician, magic dealer, author. Invented: Run, Rabbit, Run, The House That Jack Built Wrote and published the periodical Leat's Leaflets from 1925 to 1940, Forty Years In and Around Magic (1923), Diversified Magic(1924), Tragic Magic (1925), Thoughtful Magic (1923)
	Leipzig, Nate (1873-1939) Born Nathan Leipziger in Stockholm, Sweden. On emigrating to the United States he originally worked in optics, polishing lenses and fixing clocks, until he decided to pursue his true vocation magic. Personality, superb presentation and his brilliant skills in card handling made him a great vaudeville favorite, despite the fact that he worked large theatres with no more than a deck of cards rather than a stage full of complex magical apparatus. Wrote: The Autobiography of Nate Leipzig
	Leon (1876-1951) Born Leon Harry Levy, he also performed an Oriental act early in his career as Chunda Hula and later, Kadan Sami. Then, performing as the Great Leon, his huge illusion show became known for its fast pace and spectacle, and especially for his signature illusion "Fire and Water", in which a female assistant was wrapped in paper and set on fire, only to reappear in a water-filled tank on the opposite side of the stage. Leon went to great lengths to register and patent his original work: Shrink and Shrunken, Fire and Water, The Miniature Haunted House, Ribbon Shot Through a Woman, Duck Tray, and The Doll House.
	LePaul, Paul (1900-1958) Born Paul Shields Braden, he is considered by some to have been the greatest stage card manipulator in magic history. By the age of 15 he had acquired manipulative abilities with cards, thimbles and coins. Starting in 1920 he began specializing more in card magic, but continued to work in all large theatres in North America and Canada. Later he changed his act to work in night clubs. He worked in Hollywood on different films as an advisor and also acted in some films. Wrote: The Card Magic of Paul LePaul, LePaul Presents the Card Magic of Bro. John Hamman
	LeRoy, Servais (1865-1953) Belgian-born magician who was not only a highly successful performer, but also a genius who invented such illusions as Asrah, Modern Cabinet, Palanquin and Costume Trunk. He performed with Imro Fox and Frederick Eugene Powell as "The Triple Alliance", but his most famous partnership was with his wife Talma and Leon Bosco, billed as "LeRoy-Talma-Bosco". Mrs. Le Roy (Mary Ford) known around the world as Talma: The Queen of Coins, was often compared to the sleight-of-hand expert, T. Nelson Downs, and the rotund Leon Bosco induced gales of laughter by switching the heads on two living birds. Together, they were Le Roy, Talma and Bosco - The Comedians de Mephisto. The celebrated levitation of a woman and her disappearance in mid-air, called Asrah, was first performed in London in 1914.
	Levante, Les (1892-1978) Born Leslie George Cole near Sydney, Australia, the magician we now call Les Levante is remembered as the creator of the Impaling illusion. Beginning in magic at the age of 13, by 17 he was performing in Melbourne and by 18 was performing with 6 assistants giving regular half-hour shows daily. As a headliner in England's music halls, Levante socialized with many of magic's greatest names including Dante, Horace Goldin and P.T. Selbit. When he returned to Australia, his show called “How’s Tricks” played to excellent business in Sydney and in Melbourne at the Kings Theatre (the season ran up toMarch 1941). For publicity he leapt into the Yarra River, fully shackled, from the Princess Bridge. This was a higher jump than Houdini, who, in 1910, had performed a similar stunt off the Queens Bridge. Wrote: Easy Card Tricks
	Lewis, Eric (1908 - ) British-born illusion builder and owner of MagiCraft Magic Manufacturing Co. He built apparatus for the Milson-Worth Company, and did special work for the Albo collection. Though he developed many magic effects, his best known is the Diminishing Silk Production. He is the father of Martin Lewis. Wrote: A Choice of Miracles (1980), A Continuation of Miracles (1981), The Crowning Miracles (1983), Martin's M*I*R*A*C*L*E*S, Eric Lewis’ Rope Routine, Studies in Mystery (1941), P.T. Selbit A Magical Innovator (with Peter Warlock), Walter Jeans, Illusioneer (with Peter Warlock) Media: Personal Magic of Eric Lewis Vol. 1 CD-ROM
	Lewis, Mark (1944 -?) Scottish magician, psychic, hypnotist and Svengali pitchman who did much of his early work in Ireland, before emigrating to Toronto, Canada. Invented: Psychic Card Prediction (2006) Wrote: The Long and the Short of It, Marmaduke The Wonder Mouse Informative Web site
	Lewis, Martin (1946 - ) British magician, son of Eric Lewis. Creator of a number of original effects, including Sidewalk Shuffle. Media: Martin Lewis' Close-Up Miracles DVD; Martin Lewis' Senor Mardo Egg Bag DVD-R; Martin Lewis' Making Magic 2-Volume DVD Set, Magician's Poker DVD
	Lewis, Trevor (?-?) Trevor Lewis is a British magician who has traveled extensively throughout Europe, Scandinavia, Australia, New Zealand and to date has completed 12 lecture tours of the USA appearing at all major conventions (including the very 1st IFCM ) and hosted four Q.E. 2 Magic Cruises for Repro Magic. He is a member of IBM and a Gold Star Member of the Inner Magic Circle . His Close-Up performances have won him the Magic Circle Award, the Zina Bennet Cup and the Close Up Card Award at the FISM Congress of Magic in Vienna. He was awarded the "Best One Man Parade" in Linking Ring Magazine and the Clarke Crandall Award at Abbott's Get Together. Invented: Trevor's Torch (Flashlight Fun), Clapometer, The Trevor Lewis Force, Orbital,The Homing Card (1984).Twisty (Jumbo Bics), Wrote: Starting in 1978 and continuing for over twenty years, Trevor Lewis wrote a series of books which included Party Pieces, More Party Pieces, Still More Party Pieces, Further Party Pieces, Favourite Party Pieces, and Final Party Pieces. All of the Party Pieces, plus Unexpected Party Pieces, previously unpublished, are in the collection known as Trevor Lewis Uncut. Also wrote Children's Magic. Media: Magic of Trevor Lewis DVD (2003)
	Loo, DeYip (1925 - ) Born in China, DeYip Loo(a.k.a Chan Loo) emigrated to the USA in 1937. He worked as an assistant to both Harry Blackstone, Sr. and Dante (Harry Jansen). Worked as a builder of magic props for Magic, Inc. in Chicago. He was the first magician to appear on Chicago's Bozo Circus TV show on WGN-TV. In 1979, he was part of the World's Greatest Magicians Tour. In 1998, Loo suffered a massive hemoraghic stroke, but continues to enjoy magic and inspire the younger generation.
	Lorayne, Harry (1926 - ) Magician and mentalist known for his expertise in mnemonics, or memorization through association. Wrote: Close-Up Card Magic (1976), Apocalypse Volumes 1 - 20 (1978- 1982), Deck-Sterity (1967), Dingle's Deception with Cards and Coins, Doug Edwards Packs a Wallet (1997), The Himber Wallet Book (1998), The Magic Book Full (1997), Personal Collection, Personal Secrets (1964), Star Quality: The Magic of David Regal (1987)... and more! Media: Harry Lorayne's Memory Power Package (audio cassetes or CDs); How to Remember Numbers (VHS Videotape)
	Lorraine, Sid (1905-1989) Born Sidney Richard Johnson in Cambridge, England, his family emigrated to Canada. He was a magician, author and originator of a number of magic effects (Snakes Alive, Thumb Fun) and moves, including the Slop Shuffle. He was also respected as a columnist and historian of magic Wrote: Sid Lorraine's Scrapbook (1938 - 1962) , Sid Lorraine on Magic Media: Incredible Dr. Jaks (CD)
	Lyle, Cecil (1892-1955) British-born magician who developed an impressive illusion show as The Great Lyle and His Mystery Box Revue. Best known for his Magical Milliner act, he introduced the Hat Tear and the Vanishing Gramophone (later the Vanishing Radio). If any one man can be credited with extending the Golden Age of Magic in Britain, that man was Cecil Lyle. After achieving fame as a music hall performer, he set his sights on the creation of a full evening show in the tradition of the great magicians of his youth. Also invented: Half a Full House Illusion.
	Lynn, Dr. H.S. (c 1835-1899) Dr. Hugh S. Lynn (John Wesley Simmons Lynn), was born in Bristol England. Lynn was an ex sailor turned magician who visited Australia (as "Washington Simmons") in Jan-May 1863, appearing as "The American Frikell". He travelled to China and the USA where he obtained a medical degree in Boston, MA. His main claim to fame was as the first Western magician to go into Japan, and as the man who inspired Houdini to go into magic. His featured illusion, Palengenesia, invented by Thomas William Tobin in 1872, involved taking a human body apart, limb by limb, and then putting it back together. Legend has it that he performed this illusion at a theater in Milwaukee, where a young Houdini saw the trick and decided to become a magician. Wrote: How it's Done (1877).
	Maeda, Tomo (1966 - ) Born in Yohohama, Japan, he was one of the first professional close-up magicians in Japan to perform in a restaurant (the prestigious Tycoon in Yokohama) on a regular basis. He was drawn into learning magic at the age of 12 by a TV performance of Slydini. He was the youngest Japanese performer ever to perform at The Magic Castle in Hollywood, CA. Invented: The 2-D Spoon, Hungarian Rope, and Isolated Corner, among others.
	Malini, Max (1873-1942) Born Max Katz Breit in the small town of Ostrov on the borders of Poland and Austria. At a young age, he emigrated to America with his family, settling in New York City. He studied juggling at age twelve, but under the tutelage of Professor Seiden he began his studies of magic (illusion) when he was fifteen. As he grew older, he began performing in bars. As his reputation grew, he would sell tickets to see a private show in his hotel room. He specialized in close-up magic, performing with coins and card magic. Malini’s performance style was marked by great audacity. For instance, he would often walk up to people of great celebrity and unannounced simply bite a button from their cuffs and magically restore it. His signature effect was the production of a block of ice from under a borrowed hat.
	Marlo, Ed (1913 - 1991) Born Edward Malkowski, Marlo himself coined the term cardician, a term which has since been used for magicians who only perform card magic. His first publication came in 1938, Pasteboard Presto. The many sleights he invented have changed the face of card magic. One notable example is his Snap Change, used in David Blaine´s Street Magic special. Marlo wrote over sixty books and manuscripts, and contributed over 2000 tricks in the field of card magic. His 1953 book, The Cardician, is one of his most famous books describing his presentations, effects, sleights, and other closely guarded card secrets. His Revolutionary Card Technique series provides any card magician with everything that could ever be needed to perform his repertoire. He has also authored respected works on coin magic and dice stacking. Media: Edward Marlo's The Cardician DVD; Edward Marlo's The Legend DVD; Edward Marlo's Prime-Time Marlo DVD-R
	Marshall, Frances Ireland (1910-2002) Frances was the owner of the Chicago magic shop Ireland Magic Co., which she later named Magic Inc. She was, perhaps, the most influential woman in the male dominated field of magic. Her entire life was spent with magic, as a performer, writer and promoter. She was married to magic inventor L.L. Ireland until his death in 1954, and then married magician Jay Marshall. As Mrs. Ireland, she was the founder, in 1938, of Magigals, an association for female magicians (today called Women In Magic).For more than five years, Mrs. Marshall appeared every Sunday in the "Funny Paper Party," a program on WGN-TV featuring Chicago Tribune publisher Col. Robert McCormick. Wrote: You Don't Have To Be Crazy (1946), With Frances In Magicland (1952), Kid Stuff (six volumes/1954-75), How to Sell by Magic (1958), The Sponge Book (1960), The Success Book (four volumes/1973-84), The Happy Birthday Business (1978), My First 50 Years (1981), Those Beautiful Dames (1984), Come Out Flying, the long running Around Chicago column in the Linking Ring Magazine and many other books, booklets, manuscripts and articles.
	Martineau, Francis B. (1922- ) Canadian magician, magic illustrator and author. Best known for his amazing artistic contribution to the three-volume Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic for which he drew thousands of illustrations and hand-lettered the entire text. Also a legendary nightclub performer in the '30s-'40s-'50s, as well as the creator of Mark Wilson's Train illusion (designing the Thin Sawing Illusion in the process) and associate producer of The Magic Land of Alakazam TV program. Also designed the 1964 New York World's Fair Hall of Magic for General Cigar Co. Wrote: Victory Bouquet (1944), Walsh Cane Routines (1945), Rope Hectic! (1945), Miracle Silk (1945)
	Maskelyne, John Nevil (1839-1917) Born in Cheltenham, England. Founded the great Maskelyne dynasty of English magicians. He got his start exposing the spiritism performance of the Davenport brothers. His performing partner was George Cooke. He opened the Egyptian Hall in London, a showplace for magic and illusion performances, and operated it for thirty years. In partnership with David Devant, he then opened St. George's Hall, a similar venue. A feisty personality, he was involved in two nasty and noteworthy lawsuits. The first involved a claim that Maskelyne had not exactly duplicated the feats of a spirit medium and was therefore not entitled to the challenge money offered. The second suit involved his attempt to stop two other magicians from performing a box escape similar to the one in his show; this suit was dropped when Maskelyne refused to reveal the secret of the escape to the court. Invented: Thumb Writer, Substitution Trunk Illusion, Mummy Case Illusion, Wrote: Sharps and Flats (1894), The Magnetic Lady! or a Human Magnet Demagnetized, Modern Spiritualism (1875), Natural Magic. Published The Magic Circular Magazine Coauthored: Our Magic with David Devante (1911)
	Massey, Edward M. (1889-1984) Magician, author and inventor of a number of magic effects, including Squeezaway Block, Silk Cabby, Finger Guillotine, Rod Thru Body and Chinese Flame Clock, Ribbon Fantastique, Corker, Baffler, Cabinet of Deodar, Card Dagger, Card in Glass, Century Silk Frame, Divination Slate of Fate,Chest of Wang, Wrist Chopper, Glass Penetrationand more. Patented Magic: Dismemberment (1930). Wrote: New and Original Magic (1922)
	Masuda, Katsuya (?-?) Japanese magician and inventor. Magic inventions include: WOW, Frozen in Time, Five Black Holes, Ambelitious Card, Two Card Mystery, Awatenai! Awatenai!, Visual Transformation, Boxing Match, Mystery Hole.
	Maven, Max (born Phil Goldstein , 1950 - ) Maven is a magician and mentalist. He gives the impression that he uses advanced psychological principles and methods to read spectators’ minds. He has been a consultant with such magicians as David Copperfield, Penn & Teller, Siegfried & Roy and Doug Henning. He has invented and improved numerous magical and mentalist effects including B-Wave, Mind's-Eye Deck, The Blank Phil Deck, Phil Plus!, Printer's Demon. He is also known as a prolific author in the magical literature, in journals such as Genii, The Linking Ring, and MUM. He has been the featured magician at the annual conventions of the Society of American Magicians and the International Brotherhood of Magicians. Wrote (as Phil Goldstein): Focus (1990) Wrote (as Max Mavin): Prism, Max Maven's Book of Fortunetelling (1992) Media: Max Maven's Mindgames (VHS) ; Videomind: Max Maven's 3-Volume Mentalism DVD Set
R.N. Menge in his "Wizard's Workshop."	Menge, R.N. (1908-1958) Menge, whose middle name was Norman, often performed magic as Norman the Wizard. He started a Magic Business in Hot Springs,Arkansas where he offered his customers a monthly issue of "Norman's News" and membership in Norman's Wizard Club. His inventions included Satan's Cigarette (1942), C-Thru Chick Dish (1943), The Hand of Mystery (1943). In 1944, he moved to Columbus, Ohio and joined forces with U.F. Grant. Menge continued to produce his own inventions including The Climax Egg Bag (1944). Inventions to which both Grant and Menge contributed were usually labled as being from "G. & M." like the G&M Board Suspension snd the G&M Passe Passe Bottles. Menge went his own way again in 1945 and opened a rival magic workshop in Columbus, Ohio. Significant inventions from this time included Tricky Tumbler (1945) and the Egyptian Water Box (1954), which Grant continued to produce. Wrote: G&M Magic Course (with Grant) The Poster at the right, supplied by Chanor of the Magic Café Forum, caused a hunt for the mysterious "Norman the Wizard." He was finally identified as R. Norman Menge by Café member Jim Maloney. Café member Mark Damon has provided additional helpful information about his life and works culled from The Linking Ring.
	Meyer, Orville (1911-1992?) American magician known as the "Wizard of Ah's". He is noted as the inventor of the Bullet Catch as used by Ted Annemann, and also the Think Ink routine. Wrote: The Amazing Magic Square & Master Memory Demonstration (1961), Telepathy in Action
	Miller, Jack (1884 -1962) American magician noted for his expert use of a holdout. His routines for the Egg Bag and the Linking Rings (A 5 ring routine) are still commercially marketed. Invented: The Jack Miller Hold-out Wrote: Jack Miller's Linking Ring Routine
	Molini, Antonio (1856 - 1912) Born in Austria and an Austrian citizen, he spoke Italian fluently and was considered by most to actually be an Italian magician. He studied to be a pharmacist at the University of Graz, Austria, but became interested in magic. He invented the Organ Pipes Illusion, the "grandfather" of most tube production effects, producing from six empty "organ pipes" an entire feast including table cloth, napkins, silverware, plates and food.
	Moore, E.J. (1881-1957) Born Ernest Linebarger, he was a vaudeville performer whose specialty was the Tears of Buddha, a bizarre effect in which beans placed in his mouth would reappear in his eyes. He also invented Instanto Rope and Linking Ropes. Wrote: Super Prediction Tricks by Robert A. Nelson and E.J. Moore
	Mora, Silent (1884-1972) Born Louis Jerome McCord, Mora exibited his magic at traveling tent shows , museums, theatres and vaudville houses. Silent Mora had two acts. The first was his famous Chinese act which was perfomed silently to music. The second was for club dates for which he would wear a tuxedo and used comedy and audiance participation. Featured effects included: 4 balls in a net, cone and ball, billiard ball on a fan, bowl vanish, Chinese sticks (which he made himself),vanishing lamp, Chinese strings, and 4 balls and two hats. Mr. Mora also developed a vanish of a billiard ball with a nice wand spin which Dai Vernon later adapted for his own use.
	Moretti, Hans (1928 - ) Born Johannes Hans Crewe in Berkersdorf, near Ternopol, ( was Tarnopol) Poland (now Ukraine). He moved to West Germany in 1940, trained in a circus until 1950. His version of Russian Roulette was first performed in Lisbon in 1965. Moretti won first prize in the Illusion section of FISM in 1976, featuring his inventions of the Cardboard Sword Box & Russian Roulette. Also invented a Crossbow Escape Illusion, a Paper Tree Suspension (based on the Broom Suspension) and others. Wrote: Moretti, his autobiography. http://www.moretti.de/hans/index.html Media: Greater Magic Library Volume 25: Hans Moretti - includes scenes from: • Paper Tree Suspension • Russian Roulette • Double Bullet Catching • theCardboard Sword Box-and many more. Available from Stevens Magic Emporium
	Morgan, Earl Inventor of the Multiplying Candles, which he marketed as Nesto Candles, and Match To Flower.
	Morritt, Charles (1861-1936) British-born magician, hypnotist, mentalist and inventor. Not only was he a successful stage performer, but he is also credited with inventing the Morritt Cage Illusion, Flyto, the Disappearing Donkey Illusion, Tally Ho! Illusion, the Morritt Grip (a coin fingerpalming technique) as well as the false (or sixth) finger gimmick used today.
	Mulholland, John (1898-1970) Essentially self-taught, Mulholland never managed to obtain a degree of any type, but was recognized as perhaps the leading intellectual in magic in his time. He edited the prestigious magical journal, "The Sphinx" (1932-1952). Recent scholarship has confirmed that at the time of the Cold War, Mulholland in fact went to work for the CIA, responding to their invitation to teach the rules and art of deception for use in covert activities. Mulholland's personal library of magic was one of the most comprehensive known. Invented: Split Deck, Wrote: Quicker than the Eye (1932), Story of Magic (1935), The Art of Illusion (1944), and Book of Magic (1963).

	Neff, Bill (1905-1967) American magician who later specialized in midnight spook shows, specifically his "Madhouse of Mystery", an enormous 2-ton stage spectacle that required 13 assistants. He got his start in high school performing magic with his friend (and later famous actor) Jimmy Stewart after being taught by the great Jack Gwynne. A comic book, Red Dragon, featured Bill Neff as a "Ghost Breaker." When Clyde Beatty - author, actor and world's greatest lion trainer - came to Indiana in the 1940s, Indiana magician Bill Neff pulled a hare out of Beatty's collection of cats. Wrote: Bill Neff Bonanza
	Nemoto, Takeshi (?-?) Japanese magician who advocates pure sleight of hand methods for much of his own magic. He was was a student of and considered a protege of Tenkai Ishida. Invented: The Last Card, Magnet Gimmick for Finger Ring, Coin and Pen, Ring On Finger (with no cover) and Hanktration (with Ed Marlo) as described in Modern Coin Magic. Wrote: Tokyo Trickery (1967)
	Nielsen, Norm (1934 - ) Artistic and graceful American stage magician, noted magic collector and dealer. Famous for his incredibly beautiful Floating Violin and Floating Piano routines. A graduate of the Chavez School of magic (1953), he then had to develop his own original style to be accepted by an agent. After working on the Floating Violin for 2 years, he became an international magic celebrity. He is also known as an avid collector and restorer of antique magicians' posters and playbills. Video Link
	Nicol, William Mozart (1880-1946) American stage illusionist known as "Nicola". Traveled on a number of impressive world tours for three decades (from 1910 through 1939) until his entire show was lost in a Singapore shipwreck in 1939. Both his father ("The Great Nicoli") and his brother ("Von Arx") were professional magicians.
	Nikola, Louis (1878-1936) Born in Southampton, England. Stage name (from Guy Boothby's Dr Nikola books written between 1895 and 1901) of Walter J. Obree Smith. Pro since 1901. Co-invented (with Roy Enoc) Milk Pitcher (by 1917), invented Nikola Card System by 1927 and Magic Welding in the early 1930s. Also invented the Card Castle. Wrote: Magical Masterpieces (1934)
	O'Dell, Dell (1902-1962) One of the most successful female magicians of the 20th Century. American born, real name Nell Newton. Learned magic from her father, a carnival magician. Specialized in snappy and cute rhyming patter, and lots of promotional material. Husband Charles Carrer, a famous juggler, managed her show and constructed her trademark clever and special props. Her local television show (California) in the early 1950's was one of the first regularly broadcast magic programs. See: Stamp Album Presentation in Tarbell, Volume 4.
	Osborne, Paul (1948 - ) American magician and illusion designer from the age of eight. Inventor of scores of illusions, especially designed for amusement park stages. Owner of Illusion Systems in Dallas, Texas. Wrote: Begin To Build Your Own Illusions, Volumes 1 - IV, plus over 350 Illusion Plans and descriptions and modifications.
	Ortiz, Darwin (1948 - ) American magician specializing in card handling and gambling sleights. Expert on card cheats and scams. Respected lecturer and instructor. Wrote: Strong Magic (1994), Darwin Ortiz At the Card Table (1988), Cardshark (1995), Scams & Fantasies with Cards (2002) Media: At the Card Table (Volumes 1-3) DVD; The Card Shark (Volumes 1 - 3) DVD
	Ovette, Joseph (1885-1946) Italian-born stage magician who gained fame as vaudeville's The Great Ovette (real name Giuseppi Olivio). In later years, he performed in Oriental costume as "Lung Tchang Yuen", staying in character even after performances, in the style of Chung Ling Soo. Invented the Ovette Master Move (1927) (later reinvented as the "Kelly Bottom Placement") and Ovette's Chinese Tea Chest. Wrote : Practical Telephathy (1924), Publicity Miracles (1928), Silk Creations (1931), Fast Ones (1940), Tricks and Illusionettes (1944).
	Owen, Carl (1889-1975) American magic manufacturer and inventor. Started work as an illusion builder with Floyd Thayer circa 1917, then co-founded his own Owen Brothers Magic Company with brother Henry Emmett in 1933. Sold to Les Smith in 1963, the magic company, now Owen Magic Supreme in California, continues to produce the highest quality props and equipment for professional magicians. Credited with inventing Dr. Q Slates, Panic Pistol, Can Can Switch Box, Lock Flap Handkerchief Box, Silk Cabby,Break Away Die Box, Oriental Die Box, Lock Flap Card Box, Enchanted Rabit Hutch, Master Cage Illusion, Crystal Dove Cote, Lightning Vanish Box, Rapid Rabbit Vanish, Dr. Q Spirit Hand, Dr. Q Prediction Chest, Change Basket, Sesame (Drawer Box Variation), Sliding Clock Box, Disembodied Princess
	Pablo, Juan (? - ?) Magician and magic inventor from Argentina. Invented: Roped, Bottle Production, Juan Hundred Dollar Bill, Tie Pin Juan, Iguana, Faster Than the Eye Media: Original Stand Up Magic of Juan Pablo (Video), Volumes 1 and 2
	Pepper, Professor John Henry 1821-1900) Pepper was analytic chemist, who became 1852 director London of the Polytechnic of institute. In 1863, using the work of civil engineer Henry Dircks as a foundation, Pepper created a device that used mirrors and lenses to project a ghostly image.Pepper liked making science entertaining and he especially liked explaining complex concepts and devices by using optical illusions and programs that produced grand dioramas and dissolving views. It was in this way that he came to devise the "Ghost Show", which he brought to audiences in Britain, Canada, America and Australia. Wrote: The Boy's Playbook of Science (1862), Magnetism (1874) The True History of the Ghost (1890)
	Petrie, J. Walter "Tod" (1899-1962) American magician (manipulation and mentalism act). Magic manufacturer and inventor. Son of John Petrie. Associated with Petrie-Lewis Manufacturing Company which began in 1919.
	Philadelphia, Jacob (c1735- c1795) Ironically, the first magician known to be born in America never performed in his own country. Jacob Meyer took the name of his home town, Philadelphia, on his conversion to Christianity. In 1765, he moved to Germany and started a long and successful career as Europe's first American-born magician. He was extremely popular in Europe, especially among the royalty. His performances verged on the spiritualist: he produced "phantoms" of smoke, made flowers shower from the sky, read the minds of audience members, and seemingly appeared in four locations at once. In reality, he was taught many of his effects by Dr. Christopher Witt, a spiritualist, occultist and psychic performer. He also made good use of a new invention, the magic lantern, a projector which helped him produce his ghostly images. He also wrote a pamphlet called Little Treatise on Strange and Appropriate Feats in 1774, the earliest known published piece on magic authored by an American.
	Pinetti,Giuseppe (c 1750 - c 1800) Born in Orbetello, Tuscany, Giuseppe Merci, son of Luigi Merci, a village innkeeper in Tuscany. Aka 'Willedal de Merci'. A top-line stage pro in Italy (1796?), Germany (1780, 1796), France (1783-84, 1785), London (1784-85), Lisbon (1791), Poland and Russia (1789, etc). Died in Russia. He was considered to be the most imitated magician of the 18th century. His repertory included automatons, that is, machines that operated by themselves; pretended second sight; and novel tricks with apparatus. . In 1783, Pinetti exhibited among his many wonders a toy bird perched upon a bottle, which fluttered, blew out a candle, and warbled any melody proposed or improvised by the audience,doing this also when removed from the bottle to a table, or when. held in the performers hand upon any part of the stage. The sounds were produced by a confederate who imitated song-birds by aid of the inner skin of an onion in the mouth; and speaking-trumpets directed the sounds to whatever position was occupied by the bird. Much of what we know about Pinetti and his magic comes from the writings of Henri Decremps in La Magie Blanche Devoilee (White Magic Unveiled - five books) 1785. Possibly invented both Dancing Card (by 1784) and Jumping Plume (1784). Invented Card Castle
	Plate,Adrian (1844-1919) Born in Utrecht, Holland. Moved to USA in 1877. Co-authored (with Henry Hatton as Adrian Plate) Magicians' Tricks (1910), a classic that Henry Hay rightly called the 'first American general textbook' of magic. The co-authors drew the wrath of many colleagues for public exposure by permitting key sections to be reprinted in St. Nicholas, a bestselling magazine for boys.
	Porper, Joe (?-?) Invented Cap in any Bottle (with Pete Biro), Flipper Chip, Porper Strong Box (after Jack Lippencott's Box), Ghostly Linking Finger Rings (with Pete Biro), Cocktail Surprise (with Pete Biro), utility device Card Clip, Red White and Blue Paddle, 1-2-3-4 Paddle, Card Penetration Box, Silent Sliding Casino Poker Chip .
	Reidel, Clinton (?-?) Professional magician, dealer, magic manufacturer. Invented Phantom Ribbon, Box of Baghdad, Dagger Livestock Production, Reidel Card Rise Box, Mandarin Production Box, Chinese Rice Box,
		Racherbaumer,Jon (1940- ) His early years were spent in Elmhurst, Illinois (Harlan Tarbell's hometown), a western suburb of Chicago. His interest in magic was began in 1950, from seeing Dr. Tarbell perform. Then he received his first magic book, Tarbell Course in Magic - Volume 1, on his eleventh birthday. After discovering that Dr. Tarbell had donated his entire course to the local library, Jon spent many hours studying each volume, along with many other magic books in the library. He joined the IBM and the SAM in 1966, is a member of the Order of Merlin, and a Lifetime Member of the Magic Castle. He is currently the Associate Editor of Richard Kaufman's Genii magazine. Prior to accepting this post, he contributed to numerous other magazines.Wrote: Arcade Dreams, Marlo Without Cards (1997), The Artful Dodges of Eddie Fields (1976), In a Class by Himself, The Legacy of Don Alan (1996), The Wild Card Kit (1992), At The Table, Card Finesse 1 and 2, Card Fixes, Legendary Kabbalah, Sankey Unleashed, Counthesaurus, Hierophant, The Ascanio Spread, Sticks and Stones. Video Link
	Rice, Harold R. (1912 - 1981 ) Born Harold Randolph Rice in Salineville, Ohio, his interest in magic came from seeing performances of S. S. Henry, who was playing one of the vaudeville circuits. Young Harold saw shows free in return for feeding Henry's pet goat, which vanished from a box twice each day. Rice attended the University of Cincinnati as an art major and soon was designing and creating his own silks for a magical silk act. Silk King Studios was created in 1929 when local magicians persuaded Rice to make silk squares for them. Rice made monthly contributions to the Linking Ring from 1932 to 1940, and then began publishing his collections of silk magic effects in small books. The first volume of Rice's Encyclopedia of Silk Magic was published in 1948 and contains many of his own silk magic inventions.
		Robert-Houdin, Jean Eugene (1805-1871) Born Jean-Eugene Robert in Blois, France. Soon after his marriage to Cecile Houdin in 1830, he adopted 'Robert-Houdin' as his stage name and had it legalized on 10th September 1856. Apprenticed as a watchmaker in Blois, he learned magic c1827 from accidental purchase of the 2-volume 1792 edition of the Dictionnarie Encyclopedie des Amusements des Sciences, Mathematiques et Physiques, which included tricks copied from Ozanam, Guyot, Decremps, Pinetti, etc. A prolific inventor, including The Orange Tree (1845), Light and Heavy Chest (1845), Shower of Plumes (1845), Le carton fantastique (1848), Aerial (Broom) Suspension (1849), Diavolo Antonio (1849), and possibly both silent code (1849) and Stop Trick.
		Roterberg, August (1867-1928) Born in Hamburg, Germany. Moved to USA. Pro dealer in Chicago (A. Roterberg, at 145 Illinois Street) by 1894 to 1916, selling his mail order business in 1908 to Ralph W. Read and his shop to Arthur & Carl Felsman in 1916. Invented Multiplying Thimbles (The eight thimbles on two hands version) and Multiplying Billiard Balls (Excelsior Ball Trick 1898). Wrote: New Era Card Tricks (1897), Card Tricks and How To Do Them (1902), Latter Day Tricks (1896), The Modern Wizard (1896) Media: August Roterberg (CD - contains copies of all his written works above).
		Roy, Marvyn (1925- ) Marvyn Roy and Carol with their act, Mr. Electric, appeared at Radio City Music Hall, the London Palladium, The Latin Quarter ice shows, floor shows, night clubs, theatres, arenas and amusement parks. With their acclaimed light bulb act, and later as the Diamond Illusionist, they traveled for years with the Liberace show. Born Marvin A. Levy, he first learned magic in the 1930's from a Mysto Magic set. In 1939, as "Marvin, The Magic Silk Merchant" he won an award at the PCAM convention in San Francisco. In 1956, he married Carol Williams, a rope spinning ice skater, and together they developed the new electric act: "Artisty in Light with Marvyn Roy & Carol." Inspired by Horace Goldin's Canary in the Light Bulb, Marvyn designed a new illusion Girl in Light Bulb. Wrote: Mr. Electric Unplugged (2005)
	Scarne, John (1903-1985) Born Orlando Carmelo Scarnecchia, he was a recognized expert of gambling cons and cheats. His passion was the demonstration of card tricks. In 1938, he was selected as one of the 10 living Stars of Cards (beside among others, Leipzig, Rosini, Cardini, Vernon). Scarne met Harry Houdini and became a personal friend. But Scarne backed off magic tricks after taking a huge splinter into his foot while jumping off a bridge -- tied up and in chains like Houdini, of course! He wrote a booklet called Scarne on Dice to help servicemen understand how to avoid dice cheats. Invented the board game Teeko. Wrote: Scarne on Dice, Scarne on Card Tricks (1950), The Amazing World of John Scarne (1956) and many books on gambling and games.

 
    Scot, Reginald,
(1538-1590)
Scot was a Justice of the Peace in Kent, England. In 1584, he wrote one of the first explanitory magic books "Discoverie of Witchcraft." Scot´s work was intended as an argument against the existence of witches, and a protest to the rising tide of persecution that was occuring in England in the 1500's. Scot was guided in writing the sections of the book dealing with legerdemain by John Cautares, a 16th century French sleight-of-hand artist who made his living as a laborer and resided in London. The sections devoted to magic tricks contain valid explanations of many effects still performed today, but include very little instruction on the handling of the sleights.
Among the many techniques and gimmicks "discovered" are: magicians´ wax, double-sided coins, various finger palms, classic palming, coin shells, the classic force, lapping, loading for cups and balls, threads, false shuffling, second dealing, confederacy, "bar bets" (as they would be called today), mentalism including a simple second sight-style code, false bottomed boxes, paddle tricks, the double-tape (grandmother´s necklace) principle, a four hundred year old sophisticated version of the "magic coloring book" invented by a man named Clovis, and much more.

Selbit, P. T. (1881-1938) Born in Hampstead, London and named Percy Thomas Tibbles he learned magic c1895. He became a professional illusionist c1900. Aka 'Joad-Heteb' and 'Joad Heteb' with pseudo-Egyptian act 1902-08. By spelling his last name backwards and dropping one of the "b's" he transformed himself into P.T. Selbit. Selbit was a prolific inventor of illusions, including Wrestling Cheese (1912), Walking through a Wall (1914), Sawing through a Woman (1921), Girl without a Middle (1924), Through the Eye of a Needle (1924), and possibly Siberian Chain Escape. Also: Stretching a Girl, Avoiding the Crush, Wrote: The Magician's Handbook (1901)

Shimomura,Tomoyuki
(?-?)
Tomoyuki Shimomura is one of a new wave of magic creators on the Tenyo Magic Company team. His forte is producing effects that are entertaining but which also have an interesting story line. With his knowledge of close-up magic, he was commissioned to write for An Introduction To Card Magic. He is a polished technical writer and therefore invaluable to Tenyo for the instruction sheets included with the products.
Shimomura's inventions manufactured by Tenyo: Hyper Vision (1989), Moon Spinner (1990), Wild Wallet (1991), The Nostradanus Clock (1991), The Haunting (1992), Crystal Pyramid (1994), Eye of the Idol (1995), Phantoma (1996), The Unusal Suspects (1996), Bird Watcher (1997), Pop-Up Card (1998), Lucky Rabbit (1999), Grand Derby Prediction (1999), Wild Wallet - Leather (1999), Dynamite Tube (2000), Mystery China Box (2001).
 

Soo,Chung Ling (1861 - 1918) Born William Ellsworth Robinson, he first called himself Robinson, the Man of Mystery when he started his magic career. A challenge by the famous Chinese Illusionist Ching Ling Foo, to duplicate his bowl of water production for a prize of $1000, was responsible for Robinson (who met the challenge but was never paid) changing to Chung Ling Soo and performing a Chinese-style act. In 1905, there was a bitter rivalry (or was it all made up for the publicity?) between Soo and Foo. Soo's most famous trick was the Bullet Catch. The trick went wrong when Soo was performing in the Wood Green Empire, London, on March 23, 1918. Some of the gunpowder exploded in the live chamber, setting off the loaded bullet which hit Soo in the chest. Invented: Small Coin Box, Incredible Archery Illusion, Birth of a Pearl, A Gem From Bagdad.

Spellbinder, Phineas
(born Victor Grimes, 1930 - )
Formerly magic assistant to Jim Gerrish, branched out on his own as a stage magician in 1964, then fell under the influence of Wizard-style magic in 1975. Co-founded (with Jim Gerrish) The Magic Nook for Wizards, Witches and Magician in 2003 primarily to publish The Wizards' Journal. Spellbinder is an inventor of many Wizard-style magical effects. Some of his favorites include The Fabled Cloak of Invisibility, The Crystal Clear Cups and Chicks, Crazy Cabana Illusion, Invisible Candy/Cookie Jar (released 2006). Stanyon, Ellis
(1870-1951)
Born in Husbands Bosworth, Leicestershire, England. At the age of 12, on seeing a magician at school do the Die-thru-Hat, Stanyon puzzled it out and duplicated it. Learned c1883 reading Hoffmann's Modern Magic. Introduced Paper Folding as a stage act by 1895.
Magic was a monthly magazine produced and edited by Ellis Stanyon. It was first published in October 1900 and ran for 177 issues with a break during the 1914 -18 war and the final issue was published in June 1920.
Ellis Stanyon was a noted magic dealer, author and publisher and in the first issue of Magic he set out his intention which was to‚ popularise the Art of Sleight of Hand. He is credited with inventing the Back Palm., The Stanyon Silver Dollar Box, Crystal Silk Cylinder, Flash Silk Gimmick, Flash Pull,
Wrote: Magic (1901), Bibliography of Conjuring and Kindred Arts (1899), Conjuring for Amateurs and Professionals (1897), Conjuring with Cards (1898), Hand Shadows (1898), Flashes of Fun (1897), Paper-Folding (1895), New Coin Tricks (1899), Fire And Chemical Magic ( 3 series, from 1906- 1909), Great Handcuff Tricks, Great Paper & String Tricks (1904), New Billiard Ball Sleights (1904), New Handkerchief Tricks (1900), New Card Tricks (in Four Series, from 1900 - 1910) and many more.   Stapleton, Dan
(?-?)

Invented: The Human Deck of Cards, Mothomorphosis,

Wrote: Sticks That go Zoom, Lecture Notes: Magic For The Working Magician

Media: Close-Up Magic, Magic with Cards for Beginners,Magic with Cards for Magicians, Amazing Card Tricks ANY Magician Can Do, Unbelievable Card Miracles,

Informative Web Site: http://www.stapletonmagic.com/ Sterling,Max
(?-?)
Born J. MacLachlan, Max Sterling who had moved to Cullompton near Exeter, Devon, UK to become a chicken farmer, claimed to have originated the egg-on-fan trick. The specially prepared egg required for this effect is still today referred to as the Sterling Egg. He was invited to become the first President of The Exonian Magical Society. Max, who had played the halls over a long period, including Maskelynes at St. George's Hall, accepted the honor but resigned a few months later because he disagreed with the proposed rule of secrecy which, in his view, prevented him from discussing his magical effects and thoughts with 'my numerous international magical friends.'
Sterling's weekly paper "The Magical World" (c 1910- 1911) often carried bits by his friend Servais LeRoy, among others.
Wrote: Problems in Mystery (1909)   Stillwell,George
(c 1800 - c1900)
Invented the Stillwell Ball (c 1887) (gimmick) used in silk and handkerchief magic. The basic principle of a thumb loop is also used for many other devices today.
Wrote: Stillwell's Handkerchief Manipulation Act (c1900)

Stodare, Colonel Joseph (1832-1866) Born Jack Inglis in Scotland, Colonel Stodare (or Stodartt) was among the most noted performers in England until his sudden death at the age of 35. In 1865, he demonstrated the Sphinx Illusion (drawing at right) which had been recently invented by Thomas William Tobin (the first use of this principle of concealment). The illusion created a sensation and Stodare was invited to give a command performance to the oldest daughter of queen Victoria. In that same year, he contracted Tuberculosis and in October of 1866, he died. After his death, his brother Alfred Inglis began performing under the name Stodare. Another illusion Stodare made popular was the Indian Basket, using the Tip-Over Trunk principle. Wrote: Stodare's Fly Notes, or Magic Made Easy (1865).

Sugawara,Shigeru
(?-?)
Shigeru Sugawara joined the Tenyo Magic Company in 1967, but creating magic wasn't his speciality at the time. However he did go on to create excellent tricks such as "Pencilla" and the extremely popular "Squeeze Play". In 1977, he was awarded the Tenkai Prize. Shigeru is a consistent inventor who created over 25 Tenyo tricks.
Sugawara's inventions manufactured by Tenyo: Art Bank (?), Rope to Silk (1975), Dynamic Coins (1975), Water Mystery (1976), See Through Card (1976), Squeze Play (1977), Ultra Tube (1977), See Through Guillotine (1977), Card Frame (1977), Card Changer (1978), Pendant (1978), Mystery of the High Hat (1979), Lucifer's Lock (1980), The Frame of Destruction (1980), Black Hole (1980), Tunnel of Darkness (1980), Wonder Window (1982), The Alpha Tunnel (1984), Excalibur (1985), Paradox (1986), Ninja Experiment (1987), Mirage (1987), The Gorilla Bar (1987), Space Towers (1988), Mini-Zag (1989), Pencillia (1993), Burglar-Ball (1994), Merlin's Coffer (1995), Money Shredder (1999), Money Cutter (2000). Suzuki,Toru
(?-?)
Toru Suzuki created what is considered one of the most famous and popular Tenyo Magic Company tricks of all time - "Crystal Cleaver". His visual magic is very creative His most recent Tenyo creation is "Salt Cups."

Suzuki's inventions manufactured by Tenyo: Micro Magic Bank (?), Transpa Vision (1992), Crystal Cleaver (1992), Future Clock (1994), Oh No! (1994), Credit Slasher (1993), Clyde - Magic Rabbit (1995), Hankie Penetration (1996), Trisector (1996), Funnel Vision (1997), Puzzling Queen (1998), The Cutting Edge (1999), Magic Painting (1999), X-Ray File (2000), Salt Cups (2001).

Swan, Parker
(? - ?)
Performed with his wife, Claire, as the comedy team of "Parker Swan and Claire."
Invented: Card in Watermelon, Parker Swan Dollhouse Production

Wrote: How to Force a Watermelon (1973) Swoger, James
(1918 -2006)
James Wesley Swoger was born in Pittsburgh, PA. He became interested in magic at the age of five and gave his first show at the age of eight. He opened his first magic store (managed by his mother) in 1937. Manager and owner of Regows Magic Studio in Pittsburgh, PA (Spell Regows backwards!). He renamed the business "James Swoger House of Enchantment" circa 1968.
Invented: Blushing Nickle, Sparkle-Lite Production Tube, Mental Stamp, Mental 13, Swoger Coin Box, Spider Beside Her

Wrote: Enchanted Ball Manipulation

Informative Web site: http://www.houseofenchantment.com/pages/swogerpage.html Sylvester, Dan
(?,?)

For his cartoon magic character Sylvester the Jester, Dan Sylvester has invented the bottomless hat, elongated pencil up the nose, cartoon binoculars, stretching tongue, popping eyes, steam from ears, Makin' Sparks, Suspended Dimension, and many more effects.

Informative Web-site: http://www.sylvesterthejester.com Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_zTB3R1-aU

Brief Biographies of Magican Inventors - Page T - U - V

	Tannen, Louis (?-?) Louis Tannen founded The Nat Louis Fun Shop in Brooklyn in the 1929 next to the Fabian Fox Theater at Nevins Street and Flatbush Avenue. Since then his magic store has moved from site to site to its current location at 45 West 34th Street, Suite 608. Louis Tannen became a manufacturer, first of inexpensive pocket tricks, then of stage-scale illusions. He also became one of the leading publishers of books on magic. Perhaps his most important publication was the Tarbell Course in Magic (begun in 1940), which also features many of Tannen's own magic inventions.
	Tarbell, Harlan (1890-1960) Born in Delavan, Illinois. Inspired at age 11 seeing White the Magician. Originally hired as illustrator for a magic course to be written by Walter Baker, he was given the entire job when Baker defaulted. Thus, beginning in 1927 as a series of 60 mail-order lessons, he produced the influential Tarbell Course. He also illustrated Hilliard's Greater Magic. SAM President 1949-50. SAM Hall of Fame. Invented over 200 effects, including color-changing handkerchief (c1905), Chinese Laundry Ticket (by 1906), Tarbell Rope Trick (c1919), and Tarbell Egg Bag (1927), The Pirate's Locker,
	Ten-Ichi 1852-1912 Born Tenichi Shokyokusai Hattori, he is principally known by western magicians for his version of the Thumb-Tie. It was performed originally in the United States in 1901 and then in London, 1909 by Ten-Ichi. In his autobiography, Nate Leipzig describes Ten-Ichi's show, calling it: "One of the most original magic shows I have ever seen."
	Tenkai (1889-1972) Tenkai Ishida toured the USA as a member of the world famous Japanese Tenkatsu troupe in 1924. Tenkai remained in the USA until his return to Japan in 1958. His feature acts were 'Production of Watches' and 'Cigarette Production.' In commemoration of Tenkai, the 'Tenkai Prize' was established and is considered the highest award of magic in Japan. Each year, the prize is given to a remarkable creator of magic. Tenkai's Rope Thru Neck was published in the August 1938 issue of Sphinx.” Invented: The Tenkai Palm, Tenkai Pennies, Tenkai Rope Through Neck, Tenkai Optical Revolve, Mesmerized Glasses, Kord of Kali,
	Tenyo, Shokyokusa (1888-1980) Joined the troop of Ten-Ichi at the age of 17 and at the age of 25, created his own touring show. He was a joint founder of the oldest existing magic club was in Japan. In1931, he opened the first magic shop in a Japanese department store. Because of its great success, he created the Tenyo Magic Company in the late 1940's. Today, the Tenyo company produces different products apart from magic tricks. Only 10% of their sales comes from magic items, and the remainder comes from games, puzzles and other novelty toys.
	Thayer, Floyd G. (1877-1959) Born in Jacksonville, Vermont, Thayer moved to California with family in 1891. Thayer was a builder of fine magic props and illusions that were prized by magicians the world over, and still are (as antiques and collectables) today. At his residence, studio and Magic Theatre, located at 929 So. Longwood Ave., Los Angeles, CA, the magicians of the world gathered to meet, socialize and create magic. Invented: Commando, Color Changing Billiard Ball, Diminishing Billiard Ball, Billiard Ball Stand, Banner Nest of Boxes, Talking Buddah, Rice Orange and Checkers, Reappearing Clock, The Headless Lady Illusion, Reincarnation. Both Carl and Henry Owen got their start as illusion builders at Thayer's. William Larsen purchased the Thayer house and studio in 1942. Published the Magic Bulletin.
	Theo Dore (c 1892 -?) (Silk Drinks)
	Tobin,Thomas William (c1770-c1804) Professor Thomas William Tobin’s long-neglected illusion, Palingenesia, was an amazing 1872 invention in which a spectator is dissected and then restored—“Another Man Cut Up Tonight,” as it was once billed. Two years later, the same simple principle appeared in " The Cabinet of Proteus."
	Thompson, Jr., J.G. (?-?) Wrote: My Best (edited by Thompson c 1954), Top Secrets of Magic (c 1950),Magic To Delight (c 1970), Between Two Minds - By J.G.Thompson Jr. & Ned Rutledqe, Card PartyBy J.G.Thompson Jr. & Ned Rutledqe (1965), The Miracle Makers (1975),
	Thurston, Howard (1869-1936) Born in Columbus, Ohio, the first magician Thurston saw was Alexander Herrmann, the “King of Magic.” Thurston resolved to match the style of his idol, but he briefly studied for the ministry before finally becoming a full-time magician.He first toured the United States with a small act. Then a European vaudeville tour started him on the road to magical fame. Thurston’s financial success in Europe let him build an illusion show which he took around the world. He visited Australia, India, and the Orient, polishing his skills and developing a stage presence that served him well. Thurston returned to the United States to succeed the then-reigning magician, Harry Kellar. Wrote: Howard Thurston's Card Tricks (1903), 200 Tricks You Can Do (1926), 200 More Tricks You Can Do (1927) [ both books published together as 400 Tricks You Can Do in 1939]. Video Footage: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6f4a2l_w3Y&mode=related&search=
	Trunk, Hans (1887-1966) Austrian magician and magic inventor. He started early, and baffled his friends at school at nine years of age. At that time he saw a magician in the Vienna Prater, an amusement park, and he was "on fire" with magic. In 1905 he gave his first public performance and became a member of the Vienna Magic Club, founded in 1908 by Ludwig Brunner (and then-president Ottokar Fischer). In 1931 he founded the "Magische Runde". In 1946, Hans Trunk revived the Magische Klub Wien and was its president until 1956. Hans Trunk invented several magic tricks; the Blue Phantom among others. Wrote:Das Trunk Buch, "...und Heute Wird Gezaubert", Super Premonition, and Meine magischen Memoiren. A Blue Phantom manufactured by Owens
	Vernon, Dai (1894 - 1992) Stage name of David Frederick Wingfield Verner. Learned magic at age 8 from father, an amateur magician. One of the five original members of the New York "Inner Circle" by 1932. Voted one of the ten living Card Stars in 1938. Known worldwide as "The Professor". Moved to Hollywood in 1963, when he became resident magician at the Magic Castle. Among his most famous inventions are Triumph (by 1946), Travellers (by 1950), Twisting the Aces (by 1960), Depth Illusion (by 1961) and Stripout Addition.
	Victor, Edward (1887-1964) British magician (born Edward Victor Neuschwander) who specialized in card manipulation and hand shadows. Author of several magic books and manufacturer of the world's smallest magic kit, called 20 Tricks in a Matchbox. Many of his magic creations inspired later variationa and adaptations. His creations include the famous Eleven-Card Trick, which inspired Dai Vernon's Spellbound. Victor's sleights inspired Tilt, Convincing Control and many others. Wrote: Magic Of The Hands Trilogy, Classic Card Tricks

Brief Biographies of Magican Inventors - W-X-Y-Z

	Walsh, Audley (?-?) Discovered the uses of zinc sterate as a fanning powder, invented The Rabbit Wringer, the Dream Deck, The Long Distance Spinner. Wrote: Sponge Ball Magic (1940), A Treatise on the Sucker Effects of Three Card Monte (with John Scarne - c 1930), Dice Dexterity (1953),
	Walsh,Russ (?-?) After much experimentation, Walsh found that coiled steel film two inches wide, used in the production of razor blades, created a strong, realistic, fast-collapsing cane for an impressive quickie effect. This resulted in a number of Walsh inventions: Appearing Cane, Cane to Table,Walsh's Cigarette to Silk, and the Flash Appearing Golf Club
	Warlock,Elizabeth (??-??) Daughter of magician Peter Warlock (see below), Elizabeth was the youngest magician to win the IBM's British Ring Shield (1953) and also was the first woman to do so. In 2002, she won the David Berglas Award from the British Magical Society, once again, the first woman to receive the award. Invented: Link Later (described in The Encyclopedia of Rope Tricks), Anti-Gravity Glasses Wrote: One Hundred by Warlock (describing the magic and routines of her father, Peter Warlock) (2005), articles in Magic, The Magazine For Magicians , The Linking Ring, and Genii, among others.
	Warlock,Peter (1904-1995) Peter Warlock (born Alec William Bell), was a semi professional magician and publisher of "Pentagram" 1946-1959, "new Pentagram" 1969-1989. In 1952, he was awarded the IBM's British Ring Shield. His magician daughter, Elizabeth (see above) won the award in 1953. Invented: Self Contained Milk Pitcher, Ringcord, Out of the Loop, Giant Size Triple Tubes, Silk Filter, Adhesive Glass, Cream of the Jest, Atomic Silk, Ring and Rope Release, PW Slip Cut Wrote: Patterns for Psychics (c 1940), Bautier de Kolta Genius of Illusion, P.T. Selbit A Magical Innovator (with Eric Lewis), The Best Tricks With Slates (1942), A Haunting We Will Go, or Edison’s Box, The Complete Book of Magic, Walter Jeans, Illusioneer (1986) (with Eric Lewis)
	Werry (1925-2000) Born Werner Geissler, Werry became interested in magic about 12 years of age, and began performing at home and at school. After World War II, he joined with Thedore Wolf in a magic store venture and also began publishing the "Magic World" periodical in 1952. In 1960, he invented The Transformer Trick.. and in 1970, the PK Spoon. Other inventions include Mental Monte, Silk Dream Tricks, Poltergeist (1989), Bewitched Disc, Flash Cocktail, Nucleus, Infra-Red Box, Pensation, Brunos Kristall-Zerfall (Star Crash), Fantastic Thimbles, Magic Bar (with Harry), and Paranormal. Many of his effects are included in Ian Adair's Encyclopedia of Dove Magic.
	Westgate, Howard (1921-?) Invented The Westgate Bowl Production (in 1939, when he was still a high school student) and the principle by which it works. It was later adapted by Aldini so that it could be performed without an assistant.
	White, Brunel (?-?) Invented: Gloves to Doves tabletop, Rabbit Box, Master Table Flap, Skeleton Table, Wrote: Original Mysteries for Magicians (c 1920), Modern Master Mysteries (1923) Brunel White Presents 'Would You Believe It?' by Louis Lam (1935)
	Yedid, Meir (?-?) Born in Israel, emigrated to the USA, where he became (1979) a magic dealer and manufacturer (Meir Yedid Magic) in Fair Lawn, NJ. Invented: Biting Sensations, Cardinal Cards, Divide & Conquer, Fadeout, Great Card Escape ,Predict-Perfect, Smiling Assassin, Total Destiny, Twist And Shout, Zinger Wrote: Incredible Close-Up Magic, Magical Wishes (1987), Memorable Magic, Off The Wall Lecture Notes (1983), Stage Stuff Media: (DVDs) Finger Fantasies; Live From London...It's Meir Yedid; Magic Of Gene Maze; Published & Unpublished; Stand-Up, Pop-Jump; Twisting Arm Illusion Web Site
	Yettmah, Cyril (?-?) His magic takes up a section of John Northern Hilliard's Lost Notebooks, where we learn that Cyril Yettmah, the English Magician, toured with Thurston from 1928-29. In Genii magazine, 1967, his Turban Trick and Thumb Tie were published. Invented The Shadow Box, Doves From Air, Chinese Snow Storm,
	York, Scotty (?-?) Scotty has performed as a professional magic bartender in the Washington D.C. area for many years. Invented: Scotty's Kiss Trick, Scotty's Light Bulb, The Blow-Away Vanish, Quarter in Sugar Packet, A Ring Trilogy (Genii,V29,1975) and many others. Wrote: Scott York: Coins (1975) Media: Scotty York, The Silver Fox DVD.
	Zarrow, Herb (1925 - ) Born in Paterson, New Jersey, Herb Zarrow became interested in magic through magic sets and magic books. Invented the Zarrow Shuffle (c 1940), and for many magicians, that's all they know about this creative magician. He also invented: Herb Zarrow's Switch Change, Herb Zarrow's Trapeze, Herb Zarrow Retention Pass, Zarrow Block Addition, Starfish Copper/Silver, Matched Revolvers, Universal Count Grip. Media: Herb Zarrow on the Zarrow Shuffle DVD; Long and Short Spell, etc You'll find more of his magic in The Tarbell Course, and also in J.B. Bobo's Modern Coin Magic. Video Link
	Zens,Michael F. (?-?) Michael F. Zens invented: "Zens' Miracle Pocket to Pocket Trick" Wrote: Cardiology of Tomorrow by Michael F. Zens (c1941), What? Another Square Circle? (Published in Genii Magazine under Miscellaneous Props) by Mike Zens (Vol. 13, No. 1, Sep. 1948)
	Zimmerman, Dick (1937 - ) Magician and well known Jazz and Ragtime Pianist. Invented: Linking Hula Hoops, Master Prediction System, Crystal Clear Card Box, Clearly Impossible, Zimmer Egg, Zimmer Stab, Sure Thing, Rough and Ready (Again), Plonk/Zimmer Shaker, Rattled, Digital Delusion. Wrote: Shari Lewis presents 101 magic tricks for kids to do (with Shari Lewis), Creative Magic (Lecture Notes)